the 1st division S Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler

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See also: Waffen-SS

The 1.SS Panzer-Division Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler , (literally: Division of Bodyguard of Adolf Hitler ), shortened LSSAH or LAH, was a unit of the Waffen-SS. It held the double role of unit of protection of Führer and formation of combat. For this reason, it was present on all the theaters of operation, except for the North Africa. As its name suggests it, the Leibstandarte was born during the beginnings from the party Nazi, as a personal guard of Hitler. As Waffen S evolved/moved and became increasingly large and important with the passing of years 1930, the Leibstandarte developed to become a Panzer-Division (Pz-Div.) of normal size, on October 22nd, 1943 1. Nevertheless, one of its detachments was permanently with Hitler and ensured its safety.

History

Birth

The LSSAH is officially founded the March 17th 1933 by the officer S Josef " Sepp" Dietrich, bodyguard personnel of Adolf Hitler, under the name of SS-Stabswache Berlin .

The November 10th 1933, ten years after the failure of the putsch of the brewery of Hitler, the soldiers of two kommandos of the personal guard of Führer of the Nazi party make the wish individually always serve it, and receive officially the name of Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler .

The elimination of SA and the rise to power of the LSSAH

Beginning 1934, Himmler, the Reichsführer-SS re-elects the Leibstandarte in Leibstandarte S Adolf Hitler .

The June 30th 1934, two companies of the LSSAH under the command of Jürgen Wagner and Otto Reich are sent to Munich, in preparation of the elimination of SA.

With units of the Landespolizeigruppe of Hermann Goering and SS-Totenkopfverbände , they take part in the Nuit of the Long Knives, ordered by Hitler, to thwart an alleged plot of SA, assembled of all parts by Goering, Himmler and Reinhard Heydrich. The June 30th, Hitler joined Dietrich and a detachment of the Leibstandarte to go to Bad Wiessee and to order personally the arrest of Röhm, the chief of SA, which is assassinated by Theodor Eicke. The units of the LSSAH take an active part in the repression which makes more than 150 victims.

In reward of its action, the Leibstandarte S Adolf Hitler is increased with the size of a regiment and is motorized.

The LSSAH ensures the guard of honor at the time of several large gatherings of the Nazi party Nuremberg.

It takes part in the remilitarization of the the Rhineland, then with the Anschluss, the invasion of the territory of the Sudètes and with that of the Czechoslovakia. After these actions, in October 1938, it is equipped with motorized components and is re-elected Infanterie Regiment Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler (mot.) .

In January 1939, it organizes the Leibstandarten-Ball with the zoo of Berlin. Sepp Dietrich accommodates there famous artists like Hans Albers, Heinrich George and Käthe von Nagy and the guest of honor is the Commander-in-Chief of the army, Walther von Brauchitsch.

When Hitler orders the formation of divisions S with semi-1939, the Leibstandarte guard its specificity.

The invasion of Poland delays this reorganization and the LSSAH must join XIIIe army corps, part of the group of Southern army. It fights on the face at the sides of the troops of the Wehrmacht , but also of those of the SS-Verfügungstruppe , future the 2 {{E}} panzerdivision S Das Reich.
In August 1940 it becomes a Brigade.

After its participation in all the military campaigns, the LSSAH is high with the row of SS-Panzergrenadier Division on July 15th, 1942 1
It receives its final denomination, 1 {{Re}} S Panzer Division Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler on October 22nd, 1943 1

List successive commanders

Battle order (April 1941)

Infantry-Regiment (word) Leibstandarte S Adolf Hitler
  • Regimentstab (SS-Gruppenführer Josef Dietrich)
  • I.Infanterie-Battalion (word) - (SS-Sturmbannführer Fritz Witt)
  • II.Infanterie-Battalion (word) - (SS-Sturmbannführer Theodor Wisch)
  • III.Infanterie-Battalion (word) - (SS-Sturmbannführer Weidenhaupt)
  • IV.Infanterie-Battalion (word) - (SS-Sturmbannführer Jahnke)
  • V.Infanterie-Battaillon (word) - (SS-Sturmbannfuhrer Van Bibber)
  • schwere Infantry Battalion (word) - (SS-Sturmbannführer Steineck)
  • FlaK-Abteilung Leibstandarte S Adolf Hitler - (SS-Hauptsturmführer Bernhard Krause)
  • StuG-Abteilung Leibstandarte S Adolf Hitler - (SS-Sturmbannführer Georg Schönberger)
  • SS-Pioneer-Abteilung Leibstandarte S Adolf Hitler (word) - (SS-Sturmbannführer Christian Hansen)
  • SS-Aufklärungsabteiling 1 Leibstandarte S Adolf Hitler - (SS-Sturmbannführer Kurt Meyer)

Theaters of operation

to supplement The unit becomes the equivalence of a Régiment of Infantry Motorized in October 1938 and takes part in:

In August 1940 it becomes a Brigade and takes part in:

  • 1941 : the Countryside of Greece, the Operation Barbarossa (Battle of the Dniepr and Bataille of Donetz).

The unit becomes Panzer Grenadier Division in September 1942 and receives a company of Tigre I.

  • 1942 : Occupy the Line of demarcation then turns over on the Russian face.
  • 1943 : 3rd Battle of Kharkov and Battle of Bielgorod in February and March
  • September 1943: unitée is directed on the Italy of north following the armistice and the declaration of war of Italy against the Nazi Germany.

After having accepted Panther, the unit becomes Panzer Division in February 1944.

Exactions

This unit makes in particular the murder of 85 prisoners with Wormhout in May 1940 and the Massacre of Baugnez at the time of the Bataille of the Ardennes, in 1944.

If the Massacre of Baugnez can be regarded as a transposition in the West of the current practices on the face of the East (what does not justify anything), where the Soviet prisoners of war, considered as Untermensch by the ideology Nazi, were generally massacred or condemned to perish by the hunger and the ill treatments, the assassination of the British prisoners with Wormhoudt is largely former to the behaviors observed on the face of the East: it probably results from the endoctrination of the troops for which an enemy combatant is also an adversary of Reich, and thus of the German nation, which deserves to be élimié.

58 of its members accepted the Cross of Knight of the Croix of iron.

See too

Notes and references of the article

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