The Zirides (rear RTL بنوزيري or rear RTL الزيريون) are a Berber Dynastie coming from Petite Kabylie, more precisely from the tribe Kutama which reigns on the Ifriqiya, initially in the name of the Fatimides, during approximately two centuries until being weakened by the Hilaliens and finally replaced by the Almohades.

Their Capitale is Kairouan. A ramification of the family reigns on Grenade until in 1090. The Hammadides are another ramification of this dynasty.

History

At the 10th century, this tribe being used as vassal in Fatimides demolishes the rebellion kharidjist of Abu Yazid (943 - 947). Ziri ibn Manad (935 - 973) is then installed as governor of the the central Maghreb and founds the residence of the government with Ashir (south-eastern of Algiers) with the support of Fatimides.

When Fatimides move their base in Egypt, in 973, Bologhin ibn Ziri, wire of Ziri, are named governor of Ifriqiya. However, the displacement of the Flotte fatimide towards Egypt returns the conservation of the impossible Sicily kalbide while Algeria dislocates itself under the government of Hammad ibn Buluggin (wire of Buluggin).

The relationship with the suzerains fatimides is variable - Shiite thousands of lose the life in 1016 in rebellions in Ifriqiya and Fatimides encourages the defection of the Tripolitaine with respect to Zirides - but remains close. In 1045, Muizz ibn Badis completely breaks their relations with Fatimides by recognizing the Abbassides legitimate Baghdad like Caliph S.

Fatimides then send the tribes Bedouins of Hilaliens, carried out by Abu Zayd Al-Hilali, in Ifriqiya. The Berber troops supporting Zirides desert and the latter are found demolished. The resulting Anarchie devastates the Agriculture, previously flourishing, and the coastal towns take a new importance like access roads for the maritime trade and as bases for the Pirate laughs against the Christian forwardings.

After the loss of Kairouan in 1057, the reign of Zirides is limited to a coastal strip, with Mahdia like new capital, whereas several emirate S Bedouin is formed inside the grounds. Into 1087, Tamim ibn Muizz changes the Khutba to make reference to the Abbasid caliph and mark thus the final rupture with Fatimides. Between 1146 and 1148, the Normands of Sicily conquer all the coastal towns and, in 1152, the last Zirides d' Algérie yield vis-a-vis Almohades.

A branch of Zirides reigns on the kingdom of Grenade but, after its fall, they regain the North Africa and settle in particular in the surroundings of Melilla.

Dynasty

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