Zhu Rongji

Zhu Rongji (born on October 1st 1928, Chinese: 朱镕基, Pinyin: Zhū Róngjì ) was Prime Minister for the Popular republic of China and member of the Standing Committee of the Politburo of the fifteenth Central committee of the Chinese Communist party.

It is graduate Université Qinghua in 1951.

Origins

Zhu joined the Chinese Communist party in October 1949. It was graduate prestigious Université Qinghua where it studied electric engineering. Then, he worked for the Department of Industries of China of the North-East as assistant chief of the office of the programming of the production. Of 1952 with 1958, it worked at the Commission of State for Planning as team leader then assistant chief of division. Having criticized the policies of “irrational strong growth” of Mao Zedong during the Large Step ahead, Zhu was labelled " Droitiste" in 1958 and sent as professor in a school of frameworks. Rehabilitated in 1962, he worked as engineer at the National office of the Economy of the Commission of State for Planning until 1969.

During the Cultural revolution, Zhu was again évincé, and from 1970 to 1975 it was transferred in a “School from Framework from May Seven”, a kind of farm which was used to rehabilitate the executives during the Cultural revolution.

Of 1975 with 1979, it was useful as assistant chief engineer of a company controlled by the Office of the Pipelines with the Ministry for Oil and as director of an Institute of Industrial Economy placed under the authority of the Chinese Académie of Social sciences.

When Deng Xiaoping began its economic reforms in 1978, he sought advisers who thought like him and recruited Zhu. Deng rehabilitated Zhu on the basis of its advanced economic idea and its innovating thought.

Career in Shanghai

Zhu went to work at the Economic commission of the State as head of division at the office of the energy and oil industries and assistant editor of the general-purpose office of 1979 with 1982. It was named member of the Economic commission of the state in 1982 and vice-minister of the commission in 1983, position in which it remained until in 1987, date on which it was named mayor of Shanghai.

As mayor of Shanghai of 1989 with 1991, Zhu was made known to have supervised the development of Pudong, a special economic zone (ZEC) of the size of Singapore wedged between Shanghai and the China Sea, and to have modernized the city, its telecommunications, its constructions urban and its transport.

Vice Prime Minister

In 1991, Zhu became vice Prime Minister for the Council of State. It cumulated also the position of director of the office of the production of the Council of State. It concentrated on industry, agriculture and finance, launching an effort to leave the government enterprises their debts. For the farming community, it eliminated the promises from payment of the state in the purchase of cereals while making these purchases immediately payable.

Between 1993 and 1995, Zhu was member of the Standing Committee of the political office of the central committee of the PCC while remaining at its post of vice Prime Minister for the Council of State and that of governor of the Banque of China. Of 1995 with 1998, it preserved the posts of member of the Standing Committee and vice Prime Minister.

In its role of governor of the Central bank, Zhu attacked the problems of monetary surplus, chaotic market and raising of prices which came mainly from the capital flight. After four years of successful macro-economic control, the first task being to reduce inflation, Chinese economic overheating slows down to carry out a “landing carefully”. With these results, Zhu was recognized like an able administrator and became Prime Minister for the Council of State.

Prime Minister

President Jiang Zemin named Zhu with the position of Prime Minister for the Council of State and the ninth National People's Assembly (APN) confirmed the nomination the March 17th 1998 with the first session of the APN. Zhu was also re-elected at the Standing Committee of the political office of the fifteenth Central committee of the PCC in September 1997.

During the difficult period of the end of the year 1990, Zhu kept the economy on its impetus, which allowed an average growth rate of 9,7% per annum over the two last decades of the century. In 2002, in spite of a financial serious attack in Asia (and catastrophic floods) the Gross domestic product Chinese increased by 7,9%, during the first nine months of the year, exceeding the governmental forecasts (7%) in spite of a total economic deceleration. This was acquired, partly, thanks to an active intervention of the state to stimulate the request through rises in wages in the public sector and thanks to other measurements.

Although the statistics are brilliant, Zhu had to attack structural problems: unbalanced development, inefficiency of the government enterprises and banking system put at evil by doubtful loans.

The direction of the Popular republic of China fought to modernize the government enterprises without increasing urban unemployment massively. As million workmen lost their employment as the government enterprises closed, Zhu required a financial safety net for the fired workmen. Under the crook of Zhu and Wen Jiabao (its assistant nearest and successor), the state tried to reduce unemployment by injecting the income of the taxes in the economy and by maintaining the request consumer.

Voices protested against the increase in stocks of manufactured goods which involved a fall of the prices and profits and made increase the levels of the bad debts in the banking system. But until now the demand for Chinese products, in China and abroad, was sufficiently keen to put these criticisms on side. Consumption increased, pushed partly by the increase in the duration of the holidays of the employees.

The right-hand man of Zhu, the vice Prime Minister Wen Jiabao, supervised the regulation for the stockmarkets and fought to develop the poorer provinces of the interior so as to contain the migrations of population and regional dissatisfaction. Zhu and Wen established limits with the taxes which the peasants were to pay to protect them against from official corrupted.

Respected by the ordinary citizens, Zhu was it also by the Western political directors and business men who found it reassuring and put at his credit the opening of China through the negotiations of accession to the World Trade organization (OMC) in 2001.

Zhu remained Prime Minister until March 2003, date on which it passed the relay to his faithful deputy Wen Jiabao elected Prime Minister by the National People's Assembly.

External bond

biography of Zhu Rongji@ Clouded Vitae, database of the Chinese VIP

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