Zanzibar (archipelago)

See also: Zanzibar

Zanzibar is a Archipel of the Indian Ocean located opposite the Tanzanian, formed coasts of three principal islands (Unguja, Pemba and Mafia) and several other small islands.

The islands of Unguja and Pemba have formed for several centuries an entity in turn independent (sultanate of Zanzibar and State de Zanzibar), colonized by the the United Kingdom (protectorate of Zanzibar) or incorporated in Tanzania (revolutionary Gouvernement of Zanzibar). The island of Maffia as for it was always integrated into continental Tanzania (German Eastern Africa, protectorate of Tanganyika and State de Tanganyika).

Geography

See also: Unguja, Pemba (island), Maffia (island)

Zanzibar is a Tanzanian Archipel located in the Indian Ocean, along the Eastern coast of the Africa, with the height of the continental part of Tanzania. Accompanied by several other coral small islands, small islands and reefs , three principal islands compose this archipel : Unguja, Pemba and Maffia.

Unguja, so called wrongly Zanzibar , is the principal island of the archipelago. Located in its center, it is separated from Tanzania by the Canal of Zanzibar and shelters more the big city of the archipel : Zanzibar City . The island of Pemba, separated from Tanzania by the Channel of Pemba, is the large island more in north of the archipelago while the island of Maffia, separated from Tanzania by the Canal of Maffia, is the large island more in the south.

The islands are relatively low, the maximum Altitude of the archipelago being of 130 meters to the chain of Koani on the Unguja island, and are partially surrounded by coral reefs forming Lagon S. Them Littoral is sometimes extremely cut out in Péninsule S and bays, forming then many natural ports and bays.

The largest small islands are:

  • Prison Island
  • Bawe
  • Chapwani
  • Chumbe
  • Mnemba
  • Misali Island

History

See also: History of Zanzibar, History of Tanzania

Zanzibar was the place of the shortest war of all, it durat thirty-seven minute and opposed the British soldiers to the soldier of the island of Zanzibar!

Political statute

With the formation of the Tanzania by the association of the States of the Tanganyika and Zanzibar, the archipelago is joined together under the same country and is cut out into six areas  : northern Pemba and southern Pemba on the island of Pemba, southern Unguja and exchange, Northern Unguja and Unguja city and West on the island of Unguja forming the autonomous administrative entity of the revolutionary Government of Zanzibar while the island of Maffia is attached to the area of Pwani.

Demography

The majority of the inhabitants and the infrastructures of the islands of Unguja and Pemba are in the west of the islands, there or the little of relief allows a Agriculture. The main city of the archipelago and capital of the revolutionary Government of Zanzibar and Zanzibar City located on the island of Unguja.

Climate

The archipelago of Zanzibar is subjected to a equatorial Climat characterized by two rain seasons  : most important ( masika ) is held March with the end of May and smallest ( vuli ) of mid-October at December. Between the two a Saison settles dries mainly from June to October. February is hottest and that of the freshest August. The islands being too close to the equator, they are not subjected in the passing of the Cyclone S.

Agriculture

The principal cultures of the islands of Unguja and Pemba are the Giroflier S (in the West of the islands), the Riz and the Cocotier S (only in Unguja). Is islands east not very favourable with the Agriculture because of the presence of a coral ground not very thick allowing only the formation of Savane S and undergrowth.

The processing industries of the clove and the Coconut are on Unguja, with Zanzibar City.

External bond

The archipelago of Zanzibar on Google Maps

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