Zagreb

History

Towards 600 after J. - C., the Roman province of Andautonia (Scitarjevo) crumbles. The Croatian arrive in these regions; the oldest evidence of their arrival is tombs located at Visoki brijeg in Velika Gorica. In 879, the grounds located between the Sava rivers and Drava, which includes the current area of Zagreb, are integrated in the Croatian kingdom of Tomislav, crowned the first king of the Croats into 925.

The history of Zagreb goes back at least to 1094, when king Ladislas decides to found a diocese with Kaptom and to build a cathedral. Two boroughs exist then: Kaptol in north and Gradec, strengthened place located on the heights (this one representing today the district of Gornji Grad of Zagreb, and one of the historical centres best preserved Croatia). These two communities were surrounded by solids walls and turns, whose vestiges were preserved until our days.

In 1242, the two sites undergo this same year the attacks of the Tatars. To thank Gradec for having given him an effective shelter, the king of Croatia and Hungary Bela IV offers to him, this same year, an ox of gold and declares the " city; royal city libre". Later, of the engagements burst between the diocese of Zagreb and the free city of Gradec.

During the Turkish invasions of Europe, between 14th and the 18th century, Zagreb constitutes an important frontier rampart. The term of Zagreb appears at the 16th century century to indicate the two districts, the unit having become the principal political center of Croatia and the Slavonie. In 1557, Zagreb is mentioned for the first time like sits of the local government of Croatia. The restoration baroque of the city at the 17th century and 18th century centuries changes the aspect of Gradec and Kaptol. The old wood houses are destroyed whereas palates, churches and convents make their appearance. The city grows rich thanks to many artisanal workshops and with trade fairs. Rich person families of noble, servants of the king, religious high representatives as of the fortunate merchants coming from all Europe are established in Zagreb. Many schools and hospitals are born and the inhabitants accept the cultural habits of the European capitals. The city exceeds its medieval borders to venture in the plain. The first public gardens and the first great rural properties make their appearance. In 1669, the emperor Austro-Hungarian Léopold I confirms by a charter the statute of university to the royal academy.

The fusion of Kaptol and Gradec as well as their surroundings downtown only one takes place in 1850 and this accelerates its development. The first mayor of Zagreb east Josip Kaufman, former magistrate of Gradec. In 1868, Zagreb becomes capital Croatia - Slavonie within the Austria-Hungary. An earthquake devastator strikes the city in 1880 and generates the restoration and the modernization of many districts and constructions decayed. Public buildings are set up, of the parks and the fountains are arranged, and public transport and communal services are introduced. The first tram, drawn by horses is brought into service in 1891 and the first electric tram enters in service in 1905. The first cars make also their appearance in the streets of the city in 1901.

The 20th century brings to Zagreb the spirit of the secession. Zagreb is then a strongly urbanized center, in close relationship with the centers artistic, cultural and scientific European of the time. It becomes then capital marionette of the State independent of Croatia, satellite of Germany of the Third Reich in 1941. Released, it remains the capital of the republic of Croatia in 1946, member of the socialist Federal republic of Yugoslavia. With the increase in the richnesses and industry, the city extends quickly from 1957 towards the plain which skirts the Sava river where pushes a contemporary city and businesses. In the night of October 24th, 1964, the Sava overflows and destroys or damages thousands of house; it is the most serious flood which Zagreb knew.

With the dislocation of the socialist Federal republic of Yugoslavia in 1991, Zagreb becomes the capital of the République of Croatia. It is also the economic and administrative seat country.

Geography

Zagreb is located in the North-West of the Croatia, in the south-west of the basin of Pannonia and 170 km of the Adriatique. Built with the foot of the solid mass of Medvednica (of which the top is the Sljeme mount, which culminates to 1034 m), it is located between this one and the banks of the Save (45°15' NR; 15°30' E; Altitude: 122 m).

The climate is of continental type moderate: average estival temperature: 20°C; average winter temperature: 1°C.

Zagreb is the seat of the principal political and cultural administrative institutions of the Croatian republic: executive power (government and president), legislative power (the Sabor), legal authority. The Université of Zagreb (creates in 1669) is most important of the country.

Zagreb is also the seat of the comitat of Zagreb Zagrebačka županija . The city is divided into 17 districts (in Croatian gradske četvrti ).

Culture and tourism

The city counts 1 university, 10 theaters, 21 museums, 14 galleries of Article.

Zagreb is an important city for the cinema of animation. It brought via its school a great richness to the world cinema of animation. Every year, the International festival of cartoon film of Zagreb, is the occasion for many organizers of the four corners of the world to find itself.

The most remarkable places and monuments are:

the cathedral Saint-Stephan
the church Saint-Marc
Place Round of applause Jelačić
Museum Croatian Mimara
National theater

Sports

Zagreb is a sporting city. The various sporting clubs of the capital record good performances at the European level, and this in very diverse disciplines.

Football :

- Winner of the Cut of the UEFA in 1963/

Handball :

RK Zagreb - Victorious of the League of the Champions in 1992 and 1993

Basketball :

Cibona Zagreb - Euroleague in 1985 and 1986/Korac Cut in 1988/Cut of the Cuts 1982 and 1987/ KK Zagreb

Water polo :

Mladost Zagreb - League of the Champions 1969,1969,1970,1990,1991 and 1996.

Twinnings

Gallery

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