Zadar (in Italian, Zara) is a town of Croatia, in Dalmatie, of 82.000 inhabitants.
History
On an old center of the Liburnes, the city is transformed into Roman colony after those helped Octavien in the first Dalmatian war (35-33 av. J. - C.). She was then baptized Iader (Iadera alternatives or Ieader, sometimes written with J initial more recently - in Greek old ΄Ιάδαιρα or ΄Ιάδερα, later τα Διάδωρα). Under the Empire, the city was prosperous, because of the trade of the wine and oil. Its Toponyme (illyrien) was undoubtedly Hal Zara. The Roman colony falls at the time the invasion of the Goths, then in 538 pennies Byzantine domination . The Byzantine domination will be completed definitively with the fall of Constantinople. In fact then the Hungarian control the city before it passes in 1409 under the domination of Venice. During four centuries, the city will be used to push back the invasion of the Turks. In 1797, the Austrians seize Zadar before it is attached to the province illyrienne in 1808 by Napoleon until in 1813 where the Austria re-occupies the city until the end of the First World War. The Traité of Rapallo gives the city to the Italy NS. The Second world war disfigures the city by the 54 bombardments combined in 1943 and 1944. The majority of the population of Italian stock (which accounts for 83% of Zadarois at the beginning of the war between the kingdoms of Italy and Yugoslavia on April 6th, 1941) flee and approximately 150 Italians are massacred by the partisans of Tito. A small Italian community always exists in Zadar today. In 1947 the city becomes officially Yugoslav, then Croatian after the independence of the country in 1991. Zadar is the 2ère more big city of Croatia after the capital, Zagreb.
Monuments
In spite of the important destruction undergone in 1944, the city keeps important traces of its animated historical past:
Religious buildings
- Church Saint Siméon (basilica paléochrétienne of Ve century having then known many rehandlings of Gothic style then baroque and containing the mounting of Siméon Saint going back to 1377)
- Church Saint Michel
- Church Saint Chrysogone
- Holy Church Marie
- Church Saint Donat (complex monk of Romance style and Byzantine going back to the 9th century)
- Holy Cathedral Anastasie (Romance church of the 12th century comprising an imposing frontage with three gate and containing the sarcophagus Holy Anastasie in the crypt)
- Church Saint Élie
- Church and Holy convent François
- Church Notre-Dame (abbey church bénédictine tonic with 1066) and brood nuns bénédictines (containing an important collection of sacred art, in particular of the reliquaries)
Others
- Venetian Fortifications , built at the 16th century to counter the Turkish threat Othoman
- national Place ( Narodni trg in Croatian), of Renaissance style
- Vestiges of old the Roman forum
- Place Petra Zoranica
- Museum Archaeological
- maritime Organ, carried out in 2005 Plane
- of Zadar, Google Maps - Information Zadar
Famous characters
- Luciano Laurana (1420-1479): Italian architect born in Zadar
- Spiridon Brusina (1845-1908): zoologist born in Zadar
- Felix Weingartner (1863-1942): type-setter, pianist and Austrian leader born in Zadar
- Krešimir Ćosić (1948-1995): player and trainer of high Yugoslav basketball in Zadar and there having begun its sporting career
- Anna Lovrin (1953 -): Croatian political woman and former mayor of Zadar
- Zoran Primorac (1969 -): tennis player of Croatian table born in Zadar
- Arijan Komazec (1970 -): player of Croatian basketball born in Zadar
- Dado Pršo (1974 -): Croatian footballer born in Zadar
- Saša Bjelanović (1979 -): Croatian footballer born in Zadar
- Luka Modrić (1985 -): Croatian footballer born in Zadar
Twinnings
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