Zététique - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

The zetetic is defined like “the art of the doubt” by Henri Broch. In its meaning most commonly used, the zététique one is presented like the rational study of the phenomena presented like paranormaux, the pseudosciences and the strange therapies .

The zététique one scientifically attacks only the theories Réfutable S. In fact, contrary to the other movements skeptics, it does not raise the question of the religions (as long as those wrongly do not use speech of a scientific type nor do not employ in a doubtful way of the refutable Preuve S).

The zététique one, considered in its quasi-exclusive application to the study of the Phenomena known as paranormaux and to the Pseudo-sciences, is a modern variation of skepticism zetetic, variation which one can allot to Henri Broch (see the part “origin of the word” on this page).

The zététique one, although constituting strictly speaking a Art, claims also scientific Scepticisme, and more generally of the step of Cartesian Doute necessary in science as in philosophy.

Origin of the word

" Zététique" comes from the Greek zêtein who means “to seek”, the adjective zetetic finding its equivalent in the Greek adjective zêtêtikos “which likes to seek”, “which seeks”. She was taught by the Greek philosopher Pyrrhon (365/275 front our era). Not very used until there, the term “zetetic” was given to the last style in 1998 in French by the professor Broch, creator of the Laboratoire of zetetic to the Université of Nice. Before him, it is Marcello Truzzi which, in 1975 gave the word “zetetics” to the last style in the Anglo-Saxon world.

According to the definition of Henri Broch, the zététique one is “the art of the doubt”. It is thus not strictly speaking a Science, but rather a philosophical step and practical. Taking as a starting point the Skepticism, it rests on the scientific Méthode to try to apprehend reality effectively, by the means of investigations and experiments. It is distinguished in that from the pyrrhonism - to see for example the definition on the site of the observatory of zetetic.

It aims to contribute to the formation at each individual of a critical capacity of appropriation of the human knowledge. Inter alia illustrations of the zetetic step, Henri Broch organized during fifteen years, the international Défi zetetic (of which the forever taken down price), comparable with the challenge suggested by James Randi.

The zététique one recommends to think with order and method, by holding remotely Dogme S, prejudices and generally accepted ideas. She wants to be, to take again the word of the biologist Jean Rostand, a “preventive hygiene of the judgment”.

Principles

The Astrology, the Parapsychology, " médecines" magic, the pseudo-sciences and others paranormaux phenomena have well-established. The goal of zetetic is to seek the origin of these Croyance S and to show the epistemological weaknesses , or to propose reasonable explanations of them with the paranormaux phenomena.

To explain the origins of these beliefs, the laboratory of zetetic puts in cause :

the case of resonance formed by the media
deontologic drift of the journalistic medium
the driving belt which constitutes the educational medium
the replacement of the Raison by the Sensation: substitution of the couple " written symbol + analyzes étayée" by the couple " visual image + feeling immédiate"

Means of fight:

to demystify:

to give a scientific interpretation of the phenomenon
to explain which erroneous subterfuges or which reasoning are used and brings us to accept the veracity of the phenomenon or pseudo-science

to promote the development of the scientific culture, in particular at the school

to learn the principles from a scientific observation (i.e. an impartial a data experimentation and retrieval)
of learning how with good to interpret the results, and to draw from them the good conclusions

Examples of fields criticized by the zététique one

This list is not exhaustive. It presents the most discussed most famous subjects and:

the Parapsychology: not for its object but for its often incorrect scientific protocols;
the Intelligent design, because the idea that what we can perceive as complex would come from a Créateur would stop Net any possibility of scientific research - on this assumption, as soon as a researcher would be in front of a problem, he would say that it is because there is a Créateur and what good is it to continue? since the explanation would be sufficed for itself… ;
the Homeopathy, because of its not proven effectiveness, and of the difficulties of reproducing the phenomenon of the Memory of the water which could explain it;
the Astrology, the Tarot divinatoire, the Numerology, the Chinese Astrology, which she refutes while being based in particular on the Effet Barnum and the principles of the cold Lecture;
the Climate warming;
the study of the Shroud of Turin;
the will have, in particular its representation by the Effet Kirlian;
the Ufologie: (ex: Theory of the Former Astronauts) (for a criticism of the extraterrestrial assumption to see the Model sociopsychologic of the phenomenon UFO);
the Psychoanalysis;
the Pseudo-science S in general (see the list in the category pseudo-science). Among most popular:

the Graphology,
the Morphopsychologie,
the Acupuncture,
or even PNL…

Organizations zetetic in France

Laboratory of zetetic of the university of Nice Sophia-Antipolis

Observatory zetetic

Association founded law of 1901 in 2003, the seat of the observatory zetetic is located at Grenoble. These activities are: lesson, conferences, files on line, newsletter, media day before, list of public discussion.

Circle zetetic

References

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