The Yvelines ( 78 ) are a department French, pertaining to the Grande crown of the area Île-de-France. It is widest of the departments resulting from the cutting of old the Seine-et-Oise and the eighth French department by the population. Its chief town, Versailles, which developed around the castle éponyme, was under the Ancien Mode the Capitale of the kingdom of France.

History

See also: History of Yvelines

The creation of the department of Yvelines was decided by the law of the July 10th 1964, law carrying reorganization of the Paris region, which proceeded to the bursting of the old departments of the Seine and Seine-et-Oise. The new department covers the western part of the Seine-et-Oise, namely almost totality of the districts of Mantes-the-Pretty, Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer and Versailles, most of the district of Rambouillet and a small portion of the district of Pontoise).

The new department preserved department of Seine-et-Oise, from which it is resulting, the departmental code 78, its chief town, Versailles and its blazon. The official date of implementation of this reform was fixed at January 1st 1968, date on which took up duty the new general advice elected in 1967. The first president of the General advice was Jean-Paul Palewski, appointed UDR of Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer.

The following year, in 1969, the communes of Toussus-the-Noble Châteaufort and are attached to Yvelines with the detriment of the the Essonne.

It is the Poète Jehan Despert which is at the origin of the name of the department, taking as a starting point the name of the old forest of Yveline whose current main forest of Rambouillet is a relic. De Gaulle wished to call the new department “Versailles”, and “Valley of the Seine” had also been proposed. But it is the name suggested by Jehan Despert which was adopted by the National Assembly in 1968, on proposal of Jean-Paul Palewski.
The name of Yvelines would originate in etymological the Celtic word ioline which means “abundant out of water”.

The current territory of Yvelines is populated since prehistoric times. Many prehistoric vestiges were found, since the paleolithic old one until the age of Iron. One can still see, especially in the north of the department the remainders of monuments megalithic of the Neolithic . The Gallic period, during which the area was in the field of the Carnutes, left few vestiges, the most remarkable site being the sanctuary of Bennecourt which remained until the Gallo-Roman time.

Gallo-Roman time one could recognize several sites, of which that of Diodurum (close to Pontchartrain which was with the crossing of two important Roman ways like several villae , in particular with Richebourg, Limetz-Villez and with the Mesnuls (Millière), and a sanctuary dedicated to the Mithra god with Septeuil.

Time mérovingienne, one found many necropoles, of which most important is with Vicq in the center of the department. The presence of cross in the burials attests christianization of the territory between IVe and VIIIe century.

Geography

See also: Geography of Yvelines

The department of Yvelines belongs to the Région Île-de-France. It is bordering on the departments of the Val-d'Oise in north, of the Hauts-de-Seine in the east, the the Essonne in south-east, Eure-et-Loir in south-west and the the Eure in the west.

Is department, as well as north along the Seine, belong to the agglomeration Paris ienne, while the remainder of the department is still rural, and has vast wooded areas (Forêt of Rambouillet).

Principal cities:

Two regional natural parks are entirely or partially in Yvelines: the Regional natural park of the High-Valley of Chevreuse (21 300 ha) and part of the Regional natural park of French Vexin (11 984 ha).

Climate

See also: Climate of Yvelines

The Climat of the Yvelines is a moderate Climat, subjected to the oceanic influences towards the west, and continental towards the east, attenuated however by the warming due to the Paris and its suburbs. It is not very wet, with an annual average of Précipitations of 600 Misters the dominant winds of the Western sector relatively protect Yvelines from the peaks of pollution coming from the center from the agglomeration. Stormy episodes are rather frequent in summer.

Local variations (microclimates) affect in particular the slopes of the valley of the Seine exposed to north or the south.

Economy

See also: Economy of Yvelines

The economy of Yvelines is, by the number of employment, with the third rank of the departments of the Île-de-France after Paris and the Hauts-de-Seine, and the first of the large crown, with 504.000 employment (census 1999), is 10% of the regional total. As in the remainder of the area, the tertiary sector is largely dominating with 76,6% of employment (81,8% on average regional), however with 20,2% of employment industry in fact, relatively, more industrialized departments franciliens. Agriculture occupies a marginal place with 0,9% of employment, leaves which is however exceeded in the area only in Seine-et-Marne (2,2%). The departmental economy was shown relatively dynamic between 1990 and 1999 with an employment growth total of 8,4% against a light regression (- 0,7%) on average regional..

The GDP per capita rises with 27.211 euros (year 2000), against 24.059 euros on average national, placing Yvelines with the fourth rank of the French departments after Paris, the Hauts-de-Seine and the Rhone.

Demography

See also: Demography of Yvelines

With 1.353.957 inhabitants, the Yvelinois , Yvelines are the 8th French department by the population.

Culture

See also: Culture in Yvelines

Tourism

See also: Tourism in Yvelines

The tourism in Yvelines , supported by the proximity of Paris, is strongly marked by the presence of the Château of Versailles, which is with more than six million visitors, one of principal tourist attractions of France. The second tourist site is the Château of Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer. These prestigious sites tend however to eclipse the many points of interest of the department, dependant mainly on its history.

Six cities are honoured with the title of “royal cities”. In addition to Versailles and Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer, it is about Poissy which saw being born Saint Louis, Mantes-the-Pretty, Marly-the-King and Rambouillet. Many castles, old royal residences, or residences of the powerful families, close to the capacity, are opened with the visit. Most known are those of Versailles, Saint-Germain-in-bush hammer, Rambouillet, Breteuil, Houses-Laffitte, Thoiry. Some rare vestiges of older castle-forts are added to it, like the Château of the Madeleine to Chevreuse.

Religious buildings

Museums

Houses of artists, writers and characters famous

Parks and gardens

Policy

See also: Political of Yvelines

Yvelines, which a long time sheltered with the Château of Versailles the court of king de France, still play a part, more modest, in the national policy: it is indeed with Versailles that the Parlement is assembled in Congress periodically to adopt the revisions of the Constitution when those are done by parliamentary way.

The department sheltered twice a meeting of the group of the richest countries of the world: the G6 in 1975 with the Castle of Rambouillet and the G7 in 1982 with the castle of Versailles.

  • List of the deputies of Yvelines
  • List of the senators of Yvelines
  • List of the general advisers of Yvelines
  • List of the mayors of Yvelines

Administration

See also: Administration of Yvelines

The department is cut out into four districts (Versailles, Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer, Mantes-the-Pretty, Rambouillet), 39 cantons and 262 communes. See also the historical communes.

Its representation is assured:

  • at the French Parliament by twelve deputies sitting at the National Assembly and six senators sitting at the Senate.
  • with the the European Parliament, by a European deputy.
  • at the district council of Ile-de-France by 28 regional advisers.
  • the general advice of Yvelines counts to 39 general advisers.

See also: List of the prefects of Yvelines

Notes, sources and references

Random links:Ware | Cave man | Antoine Xavier Mayneaud de Pancemont | Earthquake of May 27th, 2006 | Paul Dimitrievitch Romanovsky-Ilynsky

© 2007-2008 speedlook.com; article text available under the terms of GFDL, from fr.wikipedia.org