Youssef Ibn Tachfin (1009-1106) (Arab: يوسفبنتاشفين), also appointed Yussuf Ibn Tashfine first king of the Berber dynasty of the Almoravide S, which will reign on the Morocco, the Mauritania, the Senegal, most of the Spain and Portugal and west of the Algérie until 1147. It reigns of 1061 to its death in 1106. In 1072, it makes build the town of Marrakech, which will give much more at the origin of the French-speaking name of the Kingdom, i.e. " Maroc". It is starting from this city that it will conduct its campaigns, in particular in Spain.
Its mausoleum is in Marrakech.
The war in Spain
In 1086, at the request of Al-Mu' tamid, Youssef, then sultan of Morocco, comes to Spain to help it to face Alphonse VI, which invaded Saragossa. It beats Alphonse the November 2nd 1086 with Sagrajas (az-Zallàqa) before being turned over against Al-Mu' tamid. It seizes Seville, Grenade, Almeria, Badajoz and finally relieves Al-Mu' tamid in 1091, sending it in exile to Morocco, where it will die 4 years later with Aghmat. Youssef then occupies all the territory of Al-Andalus.It throws its reserved on Valence, whose future king, Rodrigo Diaz de Bivar, more known under the nickname of Cid Campeador , is in Saragossa. It goes on Valence in 1093 and besieges the city. Youssef capitulates temporarily, to therefore seek reinforcements before invading Valence again. The Cid takes again the seat and Youssef is definitively overcome in June 1094.
The army almoravide arrives until Lisbon the same year. In 1098, Youssef is named Prince of the Moslems, Défenseur of the Faith and Envoyé of the Commander of the Believers.
In 1102, it has conquered again Valence, the Cid having died for 3 years, beating his wife Chimène, as well as the septentrional part of Al-Andalus. Its expansion stops then with the valley of the Èbre. It names his son Ali heir to the throne.
Youssef dies in 1106.
See too
References
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