Rabbi Yossef Ben Ephraïm Karo (1488, Tolède (Spain) - 1575, Safed (Israel)) is one of the most important ic authorities Rabbin of the Judaïsme, Talmud ist, legislator and codifier, by writing the Choulhan Aroukh it becomes largest decision maker halakhic of the people Juif.

Biography

It is born in Tolède 4 years before the decree from Alhambra. Its family undergoes and flees the Inquisition, takes refuge with the Portugal, then in Egypt where his/her father dies, then with Nicopolis (Turkey), where Yossef Karo studies near his/her uncle.

In 1522, 34 years old, it undertakes the work of its life, the Beth Yossef , comment of the Arbaa Tourim , where it analyzes each law, since its talmudic origin with its halakhic conclusion. It will finish it later only 32 years.

In 1538, it is ordered Rabbin by the Chief rabbi of Fès, Yaakov (Jacob) Berab, and is named main of academy to Edirne, before assembling in Israel in 1539, more precisely with Safed, high place of the Kabbale in Holy Land, where he becomes the companion of Rav Isaac Louria, called “Ari zal hakadosh”, and of Rav Solomon Alkabetz (author of the famous poem “ Lekha Dodi ” sung in the honor of the Chabbat).

He dies in Safed in 1575.

Its Work

Regarded as the greatest halakhic authority after Maïmonide, its notoriety comes to him mainly from the Choulhan Aroukh , simplification of the Beth Yossef , but it also produced the Klalé haTalmud , Méthodologie of Talmud, Bedek habaït , supplement at the same time as amendment of Study Bureau Yossef , Kessef Mishne , a comment of the Mishné Torah of Maïmonide.

The posterity will know it under the names of Maran Beth Yossef (“Ours Main, the author of Beth Yossef”), or haMehaber (the “Compiler”), because its work compiles all former halakhic works.

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