Yoshimune Tokugawa
Yoshimune Tokugawa (徳川吉宗 Tokugawa Yoshimune , November 27th 1684 - July 12th 1751) is the eighth Shogun shogunat Tokugawa with the Japan.
It is known for the reference of its preserving adviser Hakuseki Arai and the starting of the Réformes Kyôhô. He is also often regarded as the most skilful shogun politically since the founder of the line Ieyasu Tokugawa.
Yoshimune was born in the branch Kishu (Kii) from the Tokugawa clan. Its back Ieyasu grandfather, with the establishment of the shogunat, had provided that it was possible that the principal branch of the family is found without successor. It thus ordered that in the absence of successor in the principal branch, the successor was to be selected in one of the three other branches: Owari, Kishu Kii or Mito (these three branches being known under the name Gosan-ke 御三家). Yoshimune assumed the position of Daimyô after his/her two older brothers having held the position died.
It succeeded the station of shogun in 1716, following an interruption of the principal branch. In 1745, it was withdrawn leaving the station to his/her oldest son.
Yoshimune is a warned administrator, broken with the personal capacity to have directed a long time a stronghold as a daimyô . It launches reforms wanted by thinkers like the Confucianist Arai Hakuseki (1657 - 1725). With an aim of restoring public finances, it enacts sumptuary Lois. A moratorium freezes the complaints for unpaid carried by the suppliers in front of the administration against samurais impecunious. These measurements rest on a morals of the confucéen type, which mistakes the trade to carry to naked the virtues of the company and the agricultural production. What is turned over against the peasants, officially honoured, but pressed like never.
Yoshimune establishes the line Gosan-kyô (御三卿) to increase (or perhaps to replace) the Gosan-ke line. Two of its sons, with the second wire of its successor Ieshige, founded the lines Tayasu, Hitotsubashi and Shimizu. With the difference of the Gosan-ke line, they did not have a fields. However, they remained very influential until the end of the shogunat Tokugawa, and several shoguns was selected among the Hitotsubashi line.
With the birth, Yoshimune accepted the name of Genroku (源六: although it was born before the beginning from the era Genroku 元禄). It took later the names Shinnosuke and Matsudaira Yorikata before choosing its name of adult.
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