Yichouv
The Yichouv or yishouv (héb. ישוב establishment; its complete name is הישובהיהודיבארץישראל Hayishouv Hayehoudi bèEretz Yisraël the Jewish establishment in Ground of Israel) is a term used by the movement Zionist collectively to designate the residents and the new Jewish immigrants of the Palestine before the creation of the State of Israel.
The term was used as of the Années 1880 when 25.000 Juif S lived in Palestine before the beginning of immigration Zionist, then continued to be employed until in 1948 and the creation of the State of Israel. There were on this date 700.000 Jews in the Palestine British agent.
One generally distinguishes the “Old man Yichouv ” or “old Yichouv ” from the Jews which lived in Palestine under the Ottoman Empire before 1880 and the “New Yichouv” of the immigrants Zionists starting from the first Aliyah of the years 1880.
Old the Yichouv refers to all the Jews living in Palestine before the First Aliyah of 1882, realized under the aegis of the movement Zionist. The Jews which composed it were orthodoxe and lived with Jerusalem, Safed, Tibériade and Hebron. Smaller communities were with Jaffa, Haïfa, Peki' in, Acre, Nablus, Shfaram and, until in 1779, with Gaza. Most of the members of the old man yichouv devoted their time to the study of the Torah and received subsidies of Juifs of the diaspora. They were extremely hostile with the Zionism, which was perceived like a movement of revolt against the religion. The Israeli branch of the current Edah Haredit , a Jewish fundamentalist organization, is rather largely resulting from this old Yichouv .
New the Yichouv Zionist is on the other hand characterized by his pioneer spirit and policy, aiming at colonizing the grounds of Palestine in the objective to create a Jewish state.
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