Events

Europe

• Bad harvests in Western Europe in 1527, 1528 and 1529.
• 1525 : Battle of Pavia
• 1527: Bag of Rome
• Installation of new Christians of Spain and the Portugal to Bayonne, Saint-Jean-with-Luz and Biarritz as from 1520.
• the Luthéranisme penetrates in England, especially with Cambridge. The Lutherans are persecuted during the years 1520.
• Pénétration of the Reform in Hungary. It is spread especially in the urban German-speaking population like at the court of the Marie queen.

America

• Conquest of Mexico.
• Revolts of slaves with Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Santa Marta and Panama in the years 1520-1530. The Spanish authorities set up a militia charged to pursue the slaves in escape.
• the Basques come to make fishing in the areas close to the river the St. Lawrence and the river Saguenay (about 1525-1530).

Africa

• Of the Bantou come from the Limpopo occupies current the Zoulouland. They reach the Fish River towards 1650.

The close East

• Installation of Jewish ground of Israel ( yishuv ). They come directly from the Iberian peninsula, more often of Salonique, Istanbul or Izmir. About 1520 - 1550, one counts approximately 200 Jews with Safed, as much with Jerusalem, a few hundreds with Hebron, Tibériade, Bethlehem, Jaffa, Gaza… the Bedouin S and the Druze S massacre these colonies without protection regularly, in the indifference of the pashas. The plague, the cholera, the malaria, the earthquakes complete the survivors. Flow continues Jewish settlers however makes it possible the communities to be maintained.
• Safed, crossed trade route, makes it possible to the Jews to launch out in the businesses (trade of spices, the fruits, the tapestries, corn and rice, the horses and the mules, all the currencies. The colonists of Safed cultivate the olive groves, cotton and use the abundant sources of the area.
• Safed attracts the intellectuals by the proximity of Meron and the places where the tradition of the Kabbale fixes the terrestrial existence of Rabbi Akiba and Simon bar Yohaï, at the first century of our era. The rabbi Jacob Berad, who sits of 1524 to 1545, restores the religious autonomy with respect to Jerusalem and of Cairo.

Art & culture

• the Maniérisme appears in the florentins mediums. It indicates an art which seeks to define its autonomy, to be detached from reality first by highlighting the Idea of the artist, to transpose in the matter the artistic concept.
• “ the century of Süleyman ” is illustrated in the literary field by poetry (Fouzouli, Baki), the history (Saadeddine), the geography (Piri-Reis, author of the Book of the sea). The art, influenced by the Byzantines (cupola of Holy-Sophie), Persians (ceramics) Egypt (minarets with superimposed turns and balcony) and China (floral reasons) knows an extraordinary blooming: structure (Semi' mar Sinan), earthenware, ceramics of Iznik, silk fabrics and velvet of Bush, carpet, art of the miniature (Ahmed Musa, which dares to represent the Prophet, Mehmet Siyah).

Economy & company

• Tenochtitlán account 360  000 inhabitants (3rd world rank). The empire Aztèque is populated of 25 million Indians. Of 500  000 to 1,5 million Indians populate the North of the continent.
• Constantinople counts 400  then; 000 with 700  000 inhabitants (3 times more than Paris). The Ottoman Empire passes during the 16th century from 12 to 35 million inhabitants.
• the population of the England is estimated at 2  500  000 inhabitants.
• has Antwerp, the curve of the wages drawn up by Van der Wee, clearly above that of the prices until about 1520 passes below this one. The gap widens during the century.
• In Poland, the lords make take legal measures to fix the peasants at the ground.

Significant characters

• Hernán the Cortes, conquistador, conqueror of the Mexico.

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

• critical Paracelse principles of the Medicine of its time.

• Raised of a plan of Paris by a team of engineers topographers about 1520-1530 for a private dispensary.
• Appearance of the Galleon, boat of the same type as the Nave, but more lengthened and equipped with a fourth chechmate intended to receive one second lateen sail.
• Début of the treats slaves between Western Africa and the New World.
• the Portuguese would have introduced the Arachide Brésil in Western Africa at the beginning of XVIe century. It is spread in Gambia and in the high valley of the Senegal.

Significant works

• the Labyrinth of fortune (1522), Jean Bouchet.

Simple: 1520s