Years 1000

10th century | 11th century | 12th century

Years 980 | Years 990 | Years 1000 | Years 1010 | Years 1020

1000 | 1001 | 1002 | 1003 | 1004 | 1005 | 1006 | 1007 | 1008 | 1009

----

Of the excavations undertaken in 1960 released with the Handle in Meadows, the northern point of Newfoundland, seven long houses with the peat walls, four hangars with boats, a forging mill and a furnace with charcoal, occupied between 1000 and 1050. The shape of the houses and rare found objects (fragments of stopper rod, stone lamps, bronze pins) attests Scandinavian origin of the establishment.

Civil war out of Al-Andalus
Guerre enters the Byzantine Empire and the Bulgaria.
Operations Vikings on the coasts of France between the Loire and the Gironde (1000/1014 - 1018).

Towards the year millet, the Norwegian jarl Sigurdhr the Large ( digri ) control after its marriage with the girl of the king of Scotland Malcolm, not only the the Orkneys, but also the Hébrides and Man.
Dynamism of the Jewish communities with Narbonne, Béziers, Carcassonne and Toulouse in the year millet. The Jewish of Narbonne, related to the centers mésopotamiens, carry Greek, Byzantine names or Levantines ( Calonymos , Nassi ).
About the year millet, Constantinople concludes a trade agreement with and Haute the emirs Mésopotamie Syria.

the school of Médecine of Salerno is famous in Europe, thanks to the Arab thinkers or Jews which transmit Greek science.
Ceramic: Diffusion of the decoration called “to bands lombardes” through the countries of the the Western Mediterranean and central Europe.
Rasavātam (the way of the Mercury), Indian work of Alchemy , is diffused by the Persan scientist Al-Biruni.
progressive Installation of water falls in France feeding Water mill with grain and oil.

Beginning 11th century: demographic bending in Syria. Abandonment of certain cities. The farm prices, rather low, testify to the slack demand in foodstuffs.

France counts 8 million inhabitants and the Europe 36 to 42 million, thus finding the level known under the Roman empire, 1000 years earlier… Thanks to climate warming and various agricultural innovations, the Western population is in full growth (2 per thousand per annum, is 20% in addition to 1000 to 1100):

Around the year Millet, in the Empire of Otton III, the company is fixed. The king, the nobility and the Church dominate of very high the other social groups: the Königsfreie (free of the king), are peasants attached on the ground who pay the Capitation, the Tax on land and a tax of the repurchase of military service; the leibigen (Serf S), enjoy a certain freedom of movement but are often the property of bishops where abbots. They depend directly on the ecclesiastical lord and not on the vogt , the local provost, former Carolingian judge of hundred. Among them are recruited the ministeriales (servants), the craftsmen, the merchants, etc

the company of Francie on the other hand presents a true state of fluidity and social Anarchie. The passage of the country medium in the noble medium is done easily. The border between free and nonfree is fuzzy. Free, nonfree and nobility, without fear of a powerful king, can be devoted to all the economic and quarrelsome initiatives. This social anarchistic dynamism is opposed to the Germanic archaism.

In the south of Francie, area little touched by the feudal local order, the disappearance of the law and order causes a renewal of violence and sometimes a return to paganism. A frame of mind Eschatologique develops then starting from the comments of the Apocalypse . In front of the triumphs of the Badly (Famine, epidemic S), vis-a-vis the devastations of the armed bands with feudal, the ecclesiastical writers watches for the event indicator boards of the End of the world. Terrors of the An Millet undoubtedly never existed, but they constitute a phase of the history of mentalities: through the claustral meditations, the popular pilgrimages and penitences, the faith gradually ceases being centered on the anger of God to lead to the worship of the Cross and the vision of suffering Jesus for the men.

Appearance of the private property and the stratification of the company in Hungary. Under the úr , (lords), are the free warriors ( jobbágy ), and at the lower level, the people.

Sites of sacrifice of Gråträsk in Lapland, comprising objects of metal (cross and birds) imported Russia and the North-West of the England (1000 - 1300).

Scandinavia: Drafting of the Völuspá “ the predictions of Conspicuous the ”, cosmogonic text of the poetic Edda describing the creation of the universe is its various ages, then predicting its destruction and the return to a golden age.

Appearance of the first documents written in Latin in Hungary. They are religious and legal texts, written in the monasteries. The king Etienne I {{er}} leaves Exhortations , addressed to his son Emeric legal, two codes and fragments of correspondence, of which a letter with the abbot Odilon of Cluny.

About the year Millet the Jewish community of the valley of the the Rhine develops. Mainz accommodates a center of talmudic study famous attracting students coming from Spain and Italy. Its founder Rabbenu Gershom Ben Juda (960-1028) convenes a council bringing together the scholars Ashkénaze S and the chiefs of each communities. The synod votes new laws on the marriage and the divorce, of which one prohibits polygamy. Another, adopted during a later synod, stipulates that a husband cannot divorce without the assent his wife. The synod reaffirms that all the Juifs are in the obligation to yield with the jurisdiction of the local Jewish courts. He declares that an individual seeing itself entrusting a letter for another recipient does not have the right to read it. Rabbenu Gershom will create other laws, like that consisting in questioning the newcomers before admitting them in a community in order to make sure of their faith and their morality (and with an aim not acknowledged to draw aside them from the commercial competition). It prohibits that one insults the apostates who returned to the Judaïsme and whom one writes of the comments in the margins of the Talmud. He regards the Christians as idolâtres, but authorizes the commercial transactions with them (by need).

Simple: 1000s

Random links: