Years -540

seventh century BC | ''' VI {{E}} front century J. - C. ''' | fifth century BC

-549 | -548 | -547 | -546 | -545 | -544 | -543 | -542 | -541 | -540

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Tomb princely of Hochdorf, close to Stuttgart, dated between -540 and -520: the funerary room, in logs of oaks, measures 4,7 meters on sides. Hangings are spread out on the ground and over the walls, are hung using iron pitons and are joined together by fibules. The prince, old of forty year, measures 1,87 meter. He is lengthened exceptionally not on a tank but on a bronze sheet litter 2,75 m length (kliné), supported by casters. Gold and bronze fibules retain its clothing; it wears a hat in birch bark carefully bent, and around the neck, a gold collar, amber pearls and a small bag containing toilet bag (Coupe-ongles, comb, razor, three hooks). A gold arm-band surrounds its poigné right. Gold sheets recover the handle and the sleeve of its dagger, its plate of belt and its leather shoes. The bench was stuffed fabrics, furs, hairs of badger, of oakum of hemp, flowers and brushwood. Under the head a cushion of woven and nattées grass bit is placed. Last nine horns with boires, decorated with strips of gold sheets, are suspended along a wall. One of it, out of iron, with a capacity of 5,5 liters. A bronze cauldron of 500 liters, undoubtedly coming from Greek workshops and having contained hydromel, rests with the feet of the prince. On the barded iron tank, are laid out of the basins and the bronze plates, an axe, a knife and a point of iron lance, elements of harnessing and a long pivot out of wooden.

Etruscan Pyxide of Kastenwald with Appenwihr (Haut-Rhin), œnochoé of the rhodien type of Inzigkofen Vilsingen (Bade-Wurtemberg), tripods of Holy-Dove (Coast-in Or) and of Grafenbulh (Wurtemberg) to the feet leonine characteristic of the Greek workshops of the Peloponnese towards -600, Hydrie (vase with water) of Grächwill (Swiss), Crater of Vix (Coast-with Or). The bronze crockery found in the tombs, manufactured locally or imported are used for a very old rite, the ceremony of the Symposium, banquet joining together last once the faithful companions of the late one.

Anaximandre, philosopher and scientist of Milet draws up the first Greek geographical maps. He writes a treaty on the origin of the matter. He builds with Sparte a Horloge. He would have based a colony on the Euxine Sea.

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