Abû Al `Abbâs " year-Nasir Li-DIN Allah" Ahmad Ben Al-Hassan Al-Mustadhi called Year-Nasir . It was born in 1158. It succeeded his father Al-Mustadhi like thirty-fourth Abbasid Caliph of Baghdad in 1180. He died in 1225, his son Az-Zâhir succeeded to him.

Biography

The principal event of the first years of its reign it is the collapse of the Seldjoukides which it partly organized. To its instigation the Shah of Khârezm, Went AD-DIN Tekish (Takash), attacked Seldjoukides. The Seldjoukides armies were beaten and the last sultan Tuğrul III died on the battle field (1194). The head of unhappy was sent to the Caliph who exposed it opposite his palate to Baghdad. Takash, became the principal sovereign of the East. It gave to the Caliph some provinces of Persia held before by Seldjoukides.

The awkwardness of a vizier charged to give of the gift on behalf of the Caliph to Takash so much irritated it that it with attacked the troops of the Caliph. Then the relations between the Caliph and Takash were if not hostile at the very least being wary during several years. To get rid of a governor of the Shah who obstructed it, Year-Nasir dared to urge an open war. It made it kill by a ismaélien. Takash answered by seizing the corpse of the unhappy vizier at the origin of these quarrels. This one had died during a campaign against the Shah. Its corpse was exhumed and its cranium exposed in Khârezm.

On his side the Caliph had a poor revenge by treating in a way unworthy the pilgrims coming from the East and carrying the badges of Khârezm.

Saladin

See also: Third crusade

Saladin was always on the face against the crusaders. Year-Nasir recognized it like Sultan Egypt. Saladin made call using the Caliph who was satisfied to send to him naphtha with a small troop of men to employ it against the invaders.

Muhammad Shah

The son of Takash, Ala AD-DIN Muhammad succeeded to him in 1200.

In 1216, the intention of Muhammad was not only to reduce the temporal power of the Caliph but also to seize its religious capacity. It created a anti-caliph exit of the line of `Alî. An assembly of scientists of Khârezm proclaimed the forfeiture of Year-Nasir like assassin and enemy of the faith. A currency in the name of this anti-caliph was struck and circulated in all the Central Asia.

Muhammad turned its weapons against Baghdad. Year-Nasir tried to plead its cause but in vain.

Gengis Khan

Year-Nasir “the defender of the faith” then called with his assistance the chief of the pagan hordes. It was almost too late since Muhammad had already conquered the essence of Iraq and was with the doors of Baghdad, but the rigorous winters led it to be folded up in Khârezm. The hordes of Gengis Khan had been put moving initially towards Khârezm. Muhammad, incompetent to join together his forces divided between the feudal ones, flees with Ray, then with Hamadan. The Mongolian generals continue it with 25.000 men, but lose his trace in Iran. Muhammad dies shortly after of a pneumonia in an island of the Caspienne (December 1220). His/her son Djala AD-DIN Mengü Berti gathers his forces with Ghaznî or Gengis Khan continues it (1221).

Assessment of a long caliphate

The reign of Year-Nasir lasted forty seven year. Its territory in reinforced fate: it extends in Iraq from Tikrīt to the Gulf. It establishes with Baghdad an excellent police force, the city knew one period of peace which allowed the construction of schools, libraries, refuges for the poor and all work of public interest.

The imprudent call to the Mongolian did not have consequences during its reign but their arrival in Baghdad in 1258 will sound the end of the dynasty.

Year-Nasir died in 1225. His/her son Az-Zâhir succeeded to him.

Random links:

Court of the rights of the person of Quebec | Freedom, equality… or death | Vz. 59 | Marie Politzer | County of Lincoln (Oregon)