X-men

See also: X-Men

X-Men are a group of superman, created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, whose adventures were published in the Comic X-Men n° 1 published by Marvel Comics as from September 1963. In France, they appeared for the first time in 1970 in the newspaper Strange n° 1 published in the editions Lug.

History

In the universe of X-Men, the genetic mutations became currency, granting Super-capacity S an increasing share of the population. These superhuman qualities are revealed in general at adolescence, critical time during which a mutant can as well sink in the doubt and mislaying, and thus can lead as much to mésuser of its gifts that to become an opened out individual.

In order to help them to cross this difficult moment, the Professor Charles Xavier created a specialized school where it forms them to use their capacities and to accept themselves. He also learns how to them to live in harmony with human the “normal ones”.

But of other mutants, which were not likely to meet Professor Xavier, were mislaid on the way of the evil. Gathered around the bad mutant Magneto, the purpose of they are only to affirm their preeminence by reducing humanity in slavery.

On this argument, the authors created a multiplicity of mutants to the varied capacities whose unceasingly renewed confrontations ensured the success of the series since forty years.

The difficulty of the report/ratio of the man to his evolution and the integration of the differences arises thus. The mutants, them, are divided into two groups:

  • Close to Professor Charles Xavier, they believe in the advantage of the difference and for the benefits of the interbreeding of the capacities
  • Proches to Magneto, the mutants regard themselves as the advanced stage of the man and for this reason, this last is condemned to disappear because it slows down the emergence of a new humanity.

The series

The series of X-Men was an extraordinary success which was worth to him to be declined in a multitude of parallel series. Certain characters, such Wolverine, taking even their autonomy to live their life in a clean magazine. Opportunist, the house Marvel Comics knew to seize the request of the fans to make this series a very lucrative license.

The Years 1960

The original series of X-Men

In 1963, X-Men are a group of five young students Super-héros created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby for Marvel Comics. They learn how to control their capacities, helped by their mentor: professor Xavier, paraplegic and telepathic who accommodates them in his school specialized for young mutants.

Stan Lee acknowledged that it had used the genetic aspect of the change to create a big number of gifted characters of super-capacities, without having to invent a particular origin for each one of them.

X-Men carry all the same black suit and yellow, with a surmounted belt of a loop characteristic in the shape of X. Like wants it the tradition, their face is masked in order to preserve their identity when they intervene in public, vis-a-vis the bad mutants. Their adventures are made of action and combat, vis-a-vis the dangers which threaten the population.

The original characters of X-Men are:

The first episode also introduces the sworn enemy of X-Men: Magneto, which controls the Magnétisme. He thinks that the mutants have as a destiny to direct the world and to replace the human ones, incompetents of living on Earth without causing misfortune and the destruction. The character of Magneto is complex and resembles to Professor Xavier, his former friend. Its will to make use of the mutant capacities against the human ones was born from its atrocious experiment of survivor of the Shoah. Magneto creates an adversary team of X-Men to many recoveries: the Brotherhood of the bad mutants (Brotherhood off Evil Mutants).

The other super-unpleasant ones are created in the series of origin and become recurring characters: the Plague, in particular, and especially enormous the Robot S hunters of named mutants Sentinels. But the adversaries of X-Men, at the commencement of the series, are very often insipid and are summarized with criminal mutants, the extraterrestrial quarrelsome ones or very rough monsters. This time is thus not very interesting and does not have much success. So much so that it becomes the series the least read Marvel editions.

Lee and Kirby leave finally the series in 1966 and are replaced by Roy Thomas and Werner Roth. At the end of the years 1960, Thomas is joined by Jim Steranko and Neal Adams to try to give again a breath with the series which needs some. They introduce two new X-men:

  • Havok : Alex Summers is the brother of Scott. It with the capacity to produce a ray of plasma.

  • Polaris : Lorna Dane has magnetic capacities and seems to be the girl of Magneto.

Although the sales increase with the arrival of Adams, it is not enough to save the series. It stops in 1969. This first series is republished on several occasions, initially in the comic-book éponyme (continuing started classification), then parallel to the news which is created thereafter.

The Years 1970

New X-Men

1975 thus should be waited until, with the training of a new team of X-Men more alive and more realistic (they do not carry any more the same uniform for example), so that the series knows an important passion.

Len Wein first of all, then Chris Claremont the scenario writer and Dave Cockrum the draftsman take again certain characters of first X-Men, become adult, and add other mutants, come from different horizons, with qualities and defects more marked and more detailed. That also shows the will of Marvel to be published in the whole world. Thus, to start the series, Professor Xavier trains a cosmopolitan team to save the first, captive on an alive and radioactive island named Krakoa.

The group thus accommodates the following members: Wolverine, also called Logan , is an old Canadian government official which has a capacity of accelerated regeneration and directions hyper developed. A skeleton and retractable claws in Adamantium were grafted to him to make a indestructible man of it. Tornado will take over temporarily the duties of leader of X-Men in the absence of Cyclops, once the saga of the Phoenix finished.

Quickly the team loses two elements: Sunfire (that the authors make leave) and Sparrowhawk (who is first X-Man to die) the series are then continued by Cockrum and Chris Claremont. One of the most important stories created by these authors is the “Saga of Phoenix” in which Jean Grey becomes Phoenix and involves the team in intergalactic adventures. They meet the extraterrestrial race rear Shi' and its empress Lilandra, which fall in love with Professor Xavier and intervenes then in a recurring way in the series.

In 1978, John Byrne succeeds Cockrum. The work of Byrne on the series is considered by much as the true creative birth which makes it possible X-Men to meet an immense success. Following a confrontation with Magneto, Professor Xavier and Jean Grey believe X-Men dead and it runs out one year before the characters do not find themselves. Byrne also invents Canadian adventures where X-men meet a group of superhéros Canadian (the Division Alpha). Wolverine then becomes the most popular character near the public and of the adventures centered on the character are regularly created between 1980 and 1984.

Dark Phoenix

See also: Dark Phoenix Saga

Claremont and Byrne launch X-Men in many desperate plights in order to reveal the personalities of each hero. Thus, the saga of the “Phoenix Noir” allows an aristocratic group named the Club of Damnés (" Hellfire Club") to control Phoenix. But handling fails and releases the dark side of Phoenix, which comes from there to unchain its anger and its power until completely destroying a whole planet and the billion inhabitants who live there peacefully. Other X-Men try to make him take again the control of itself and they believe to be parvenu there. They engage then in a duel of honor against the imperial guard of Lilandra, which wants to judge Phoenix for the genocide of the missing people. If they lose, Phoenix must die because she is regarded as a major threat for all known planets and civilizations.

When Cyclops is wounded at the time of the combat, Phoenix leaves once again the place to the Phoenix Noir. Not supporting to see her wounded companion, it cannot control its power any more. Professor Xavier orders in X-Men to kill their team-member before it destroys another planets. In fact, in a start of conscience, Phoenix prefers to commit suicide before it is too late, noting that nobody any more can stop it and rather than to lose control completely. The series is on this occasion of a maturity ever reached by a comic. The major characters of the series only die very seldom and it is the first time that a hero commits suicide! Cyclops then decides to leave the team, which it will end up joining some time afterwards.

The years 1980

During this decade, other characters are integrated into X-Men:

  • Magneto: Erik Lensherr, sworn enemy of X-Men, control magnetism. It however directs temporarily the school of Xavier but leaves the team when it cannot prevent the death of one of his pupils and turns over side of the Evil.

  • Psylocke : Elizabeth “Betsy” Braddock is English “a femme fatale” and telepathic.
  • Dazzler : Alison Blair, singer disco music, can transform the sound into light and energy. Previously heroin of its own adventures, it integrates the team later a few years.
  • Longshot is extraterrestrial a humanoïde, a star of television in his world, which controls the chance and can turn over the situations in an extraordinary way.
  • Havok, Polaris also return from time to other.

Days off Future Past

See also: Day off Future Past

Claremont and Byrne off write then Days Future Past in 1981. In a near future, the the United States are completely under the cut of the Sentinels, the surarmés robots built to flush out the mutants. Several X-Men as well as many other supermen of Marvel died. The survivors are locked up in a concentration camp. Their capacities are destroyed and they perish little by little. The authors go until the end of the sedentary logic of human normal: to arm itself to destroy the mutants and not to be likely to lose the capacity. This pessimistic and intolerant vision of humanity is a constant in the history of the series.

Tornado, Wolverine, Magneto, Rachel Summers, Franklin Richards, Shadowcat and Colossus are among them. They realize that the only way of overcoming this world is to avoid its existence; they then start a plan to transport the astral body of Kitty in the past. Kitty of the future in the body of Kitty of the past learns in X-Men that the cause of the anti-mutant hatred of its time is caused by the murder of the senator Kelly by the Brotherhood of the Mutants of Mystic. Then X-Men try to prevent the murder. During this history, one can see at the same time the two screens, that of passed and that of the future.

God coil, man kills

See also: God coil, man kills

In 1982, Claremont is associated with Brent Anderson for God coil, man kills (" God creates, the man détruit" in vf) in which the reverend William Stryker lance a crusade anti-mutants, captures the Professor X to handle it and tackle the spirit of the mutants. X-Men are combined with their Magneto enemy to fight Stryker. This history is a perfect example of the racial metaphor of the saga of X-Men. More than twenty years later, it inspired the film X-Men 2.

X-Men become a frankness

Thereafter, Claremont works with other draftsmen, like Paul Smith or John Romita Junior. With the beginning of the year 1980, the group of bad mutants named Morlocks appears. Wolverine falls in love with a Japanese aristocrat, (Mariko Yashida), while Tornade is confronted with the temporary loss of its capacities. Cyclops starts its relation with Madelyne Pryor, a clone of Jean Grey. The second time ends in the marriage of Scott and Madelyne.

In the years 1980, X-Men were modified, accessible and losing members regularly:

  • Shadowcat, in VF Spark, Ariel, then Shadowcat in the last editions: Katherine “Kitty” Pryde is an young girl who can cross the walls, it joined X-Men after the departure of Cyclops.
  • Rogue, in France Malicia, has the gift to absorb the capacities and the thoughts of people whom it touches
  • Phoenix II is Rachel Summers, the girl of Jean Grey and Scott Summers, come from a future alternative (the “Days off Future Past”) and endowed with the same capacities as his/her mother.
  • the growing popularity of X-Men and the development of the activity of Marvel leads the company to create derivatives:
    • New Mutants in 1983 (a group of young mutants of the academy of Xavier)
    • X-Factor in 1985 which is formed at the beginning of the first 5 X-Men (of which Jean Grey ressuscitée)
    • the adventures solo of Wolverine in 1986
    • Excalibur in 1987 with Rachel Summers, Diablo, Étincelle/Shadowcat, Captain Britain and Meggan.

X-Men thus become a lucrative “frankness” for Marvel. This expansion of characters and often intermingled stories makes the series more complex and per moments difficult to follow. But that involves other franknesses like Spider-Man, Superman or Batman to also produce their own derived series.

An important controversy takes place in 1986 when the authors exile Professor Xavier at the fine bottom of space to be neat of its wounds and when Magneto is selected to replace the famous creator of X-Men to the orders of the academy and the team!

Mutant Massacres

See also: Mutant Massacres

In 1986, Mutant Massacres makes it possible to introduce the Petty thieves, a group of fatal mutants which attack and wound seriously X-Men. Sinistre (Mister Sinister) is the leader and takes for it seat like a central figure of several adventures. During the battle, Colossus, Shadowcat and Nightcrawler are seriously wounded, and are repatriated on the island of Muir with the majority of the survivors of Morlocks. It is during this saga that Angel lost its wings, that Colossus killed Riptide, and that Dents of saber (Sabretooth) reappeared (it was already of return in the series of Iron Fist). The authors make Teeth of saber a personal adversary of Wolverine, with the idea that their last is dependant.

Fall off the Mutant and Inferno

See also: Fall off the Mutant

See also: Inferno (comics)

In 1988, Fall off the Mutants describes the death of X-Men and their resurrection to fight a demon named Adversary. The team is briefly localized in Australia. During this Australian time Reavers, mercenaries Cyborg S fight X-Men. In the saga Inferno , one learns that Madelyne Pryor (separate of Scott Summers, party in the search of Jean Grey ressuscitée) is in fact a clone of Jean Grey created by Mister Sinister, and that it is allured by the demon Astirhn. X-Men and X-Factor fight Pryor then become the Queen Demon, as well as the demons with which it is allied. The Australian time is completed with supposed deaths of Tornado and Malicia, as well as first died of Illyana Rasputin, the sister of Colossus. Claremont seizes here the occasion to make leave the group Dazzler and Longshot (officially to raise their child in the world of Longshot). As many other characters of the series, one sees them seldom thereafter.

Reformation

In 1989, Marvel publishes twice Uncanny X-Men per month. In 1990 “The X-tinction Agenda” makes it possible X-Men to be reformed, with the appearance of two novel members:

  • Jubilee: Jubilation Lee can launch plasma by its fingers.

  • Gambit : Rémy LeBeau, a cajun launcher of charts to be played, true mini-bombs which it charges with kinesthetic energy.

From 1987 to 1990, Marc Silvestri illustrates Uncanny X-Men . It is replaced by a young artist named Jim Lee, become thereafter one of the most popular illustrators of the series.

The years 1990

After the return of X-Men in the town of Westchester and the return to earth of the Professor X with the beginning of 1991, Marvel upsets its teams of superman. Rob Liefeld thus transforms The New Mutants into X-Force , directed by the mysterious Cable. Old X-Men give up X-Factor to find their initial team, some completely transformed (the Deer is affublé of a blue fur and a diploma in genetics, Angel, from now on named Archangel is equipped with a blue skin and wings with metal). Havok, Polaris and other mutants form new X-Factor.

Marvel launches a second X-Men series simply named X-Men . Written by Claremont and illustrated by Lee, the new series follows the “blue TEAM” (the Deer, Psylocke, Malicia, Gambit, Cyclops and Wolverine). Uncanny X-Men , written and illustrated by Lee and Whilce Portacio, follows the “gold TEAM” (Colossus, Iceberg, Archangel, Jean Grey, Tornade, and Bishop). The Professor X, Banshee and Jubilee remain X-Men but almost do not fight.

The talent of Lee and Liefield and the new organization of X-Men make it possible the publications of Marvel to beat records of sale and contribute to popularize these comics in the whole world.

In spite of success, some frictions in the team of creation of X-Men involve the departure of Claremont after only three numbers of X-Men . The dissensions with Marvel and Lee are right of a fifteen years collaboration of the scenario writer for the series of X-Men. A few months later, Liefield and Lee also leave Marvel with other popular artists like Silvestri and Portacio and create Image Comics.

That does not prevent the growing success of X-Men, grace in particular to the cartoon drawn from the series produces by Fox for television in 1992. During this time, Uncanny X-Men is taken in hand by Scott Lobdell and Joe Madureira, whose style “Manga” of the drawings helps to give a new breath to the series in Japan. X-Men continues with Fabian Nicieza with the scenario and Andy Kubert for the drawing.

The X-Cutioner Song

See also: The X-Cutioner Song

(in V.F song of the torturer ) the Professor X is abbatu apparently by Cable. One will know later that the true culprit is Stryfe, a clone of Cable coming from the future, creates to confuse Apocalypse. This one one ènième time is killed (this time by its Dark Riders, because he is regarded as being too weak to be able to survive). He is combined before with X-Men to cure Xavier of the attack. Stryfe kidnaps its " parents" to have given up it at the thank you of Apocalypse (he is unaware of that it is a clone, and that Cable is truth Nathan Christopher Summers). The final battle between Cable and Stryfe is not made wait, and Stryfe dies. The virus Legacy (" heritage ") is then released, causing the death of the homo superiors, of which the sister of Colossus, Illyana Rasputin. This death will cause with his/her brother a long depression, and will start its departure of X-Men for the Acolytes.

Fatal Atractions

See also: Fatal Atractions

With Fatal Atractions (1994), Wolverine is victim of Magneto, which uses its magnetic capacities to detach adamantium of the body of Wolverine. The immense shock overloads the capacity car-healer of Wolverine, which is not far from dying about it. Furious, Xavier télépathiquement attacks Magneto and the met in state catatonic, absorbing without the knowledge his dark side. It is the first time that one sees Xavier cracking and losing his cold blood. The negative emotions of Magneto mix with the repressed desires of Xavier, forming a powerful psionic entity later, for the moment in a dormant state, Onslaught.

Onslaught

See also: Onslaught

At the time of this méga-crossover, Onslaught awakes finally in the spirit of Xavier and decides to carry out his dreams: to exterminate the human ones as well as the mutants. It tries to rejoin with him X-Men, but in front of their refusal, it neutralizes them.

Onslaught kidnaps Franklin Richards and X-Man to recreate the world of Age off Apocalypse . But while realizing of the true nature of this world, he declares human and the mutant unworthy ones of living. Improbable alliances are created with the other Marvel characters to fight it (Apocalypse and Cable, Joseph and Xavier, or Red Richards and the Doctor Fatalis), with an association of X-Men with the Fantastic Avengers and the Four.

In the final battle, Onslaught is overcome by Hulk which breaks its armor. Unfortunately, to prevent that it is made main of another body, it is necessary that the nonmutant supermen sacrifice themselves, the such majority of the Avengers and the Fantastic ones who apparently die. This leaves X-Men with a statute of murderers to the eyes of the rest of the world, consequently becoming the most feared mutants and most hated planet.

Post- Onslaught

With “Operation Zero Tolerance” concluded in 1997, major characters of the series like Bishop, Gambit, Jean Grey and Cyclops (who had ended up marrying) are isolated of X-Men by the authors. In the place, a new team is made up with Wolverine, Malicia, the Deer, Tornade and of new characters like Rocket, Marrow, Maggott and Cecilia Reyes.

When Alan Davis takes again in hand X-Men in 1998, it upsets this team, keeping Marrow, Malicia, Tornade and Wolverine and reinstating Shadowcat, Diablo, Colossus, Gambit and the Professor X. the fans accommodate the work of Davis for X-Men and that of Adam Kubert for Uncanny X-Men with a moderate spirit. Marvel finally decides to call upon Claremont at the beginning of 2000 for a return awaited to the orders of X-Men.

With Revolution , Marvel founds a jump in the six months time in the history of X-Men. That allows Claremont and the illustrators completely to redefine X-men in only one month. Claremont thus takes again the main characters of X-Men of origin and adds two members: Wise Tessa/ a cyberpathe which belonged to the Club of Damnés but which in fact espionnait on behalf of the pr. X, and new Thunderbird, an Indian named Neal Shaara, with the pyrotechnical capacities.

Stories décousues and transparent adversaries of X-Men end up forcing Joe Quesada to withdraw in Claremont the control of the two magazines at the beginning 2001. Claremont is associated to the draftsman El Salvador Larroca for a new title: X-Treme X-Men with Wise, Psylocke, Bishop, Gambit, Malicia and Tornade apart from the central team of X-Men.

Years 1990 see the blossoming of many series and mini-series drawn from the universe of X-Men. Generation X is created to train a new team of mutants teenagers. Marvel also launches adventures solos for several characters: Cable , Gambit , Bishop and Deadpool . In 1998 Excalibur and X-Factor are given up and second is replaced by Mutant X with Havok, which awakes, after its supposed death, in a parallel world.

At the same time, Marvel removes Gambit , Bishop , X-Man , Mutant X and Generation X while X-Force is completely altered. Even if these series are sold rather well, Quesada wire-drawer owing to the fact that such a significant number of titles of mutant supermen is exaggerated.

Marvel launches a few a little different series:

  • Weapon X , a group of mercenaries with Teeth of Saber, Marrow and other characters.
  • Exile , a group of mutants resulting from parallel worlds and which restore the order from one world to another (in the vein of the series Sliders)
  • a news X-Force (fame later in X-Statix ), of the media, popular and sponsored supermen mutant by marks!

The Years 2000

Another new named series Ultimate X-Men is created. The scenario writer Mark Millar and the draftsman Adam Kubert reinvent the concept of X-Men teenagers and attract many new readers. Ultimate X-Men belongs to the universe Ultimate Marvel just like Ultimate Spider-Man or The Ultimates , which sees the origins of the major characters of Marvel Comics reinvented and reactualized.

Other important events scenaristic take place at that time, like the death of major characters (Colossus and Psylocke) or the so much awaited history of the origins of Wolverine in 2001.

2001 are also the beginning of the rise of Grant Morrison with the scenario, and of Frank Quitely with the drawing, for the magazine X-Men Re-titrated New X-Men . They follow the characters of the Deer, Jean Grey, Professor X, Cyclops, Wolverine and Emma Frost, telepathic tempting, old a White Reine of the Club of Damnés. The group carries black leather uniforms resembling those of the film “X-Men” left in 2000. The stories of new X-Men are based on complex scenarios of science fiction to the many reversals of situation like the death of sixteen million mutants with Genosha, caused by the Sentinels. Discussed changes also take place, implying major characters (for example the extra-marital adventure of Cyclops with Emma Frost after the return of Jean).

Uncanny X-Men is then altered by Joe Casey (scenario) and Ian Churchill (drawing) then Chuck Austen (scenario) with various draftsmen. The magazine, which concentrates on traditional adventures of action and combat, puts in scene Iceberg, Diablo, Archangel, Havok, Polaris, Véga, Chamber, Husk and with the general surprise the Plague, the famous enemy criminal of X-men since the middle of the years 1960. Chuck Austen makes return Havok, which floated in the limbs since the cancellation of the series Mutant X during the purging of 2000. Casey and Austen receive many criticisms negative. It is reproached to them for not hoisting Uncanny X-Men on the level of the New X-Men ; certain choices of scenarios are badly accommodated (Diablo becomes catholic priest, Polaris ends up becoming terrorist and Archangel and Husk have an adventure whereas the latter is teenager and that Archangel made the double of its age).

X-Men Reload

In 2004, Morrison leaves New X-Men and Marvel removes X-Treme X-Men to again place Claremont at the orders of Uncanny X-Men . The company launches also Astonishing X-Men with the scenario writer Joss Whedon (known for the creation of the televised series “Buffy against the vampires”) and the draftsman John Cassaday. This operation has as a name " X-Men Reload".

Whedon makes it possible the series to meet a great success thanks to the quality of its dialogs and its scenarios, the realistic style of John Cassaday marrying well with the stories. Many also explains success by the relative simplicity of the scenarios, slicing with the complexity of the years 1990, accumulating the flashbacks and the references to passed of the characters. The fans attend the return of X-Man Colossus, character very popular when it “was killed”. Psylocke also reappears without obvious explanation as for its return among deaths.

Marvel always launches other secondary series, like District X putting in Bishop scene at New York, New X-Men: Academy X and new a Excalibur . Malicia, Diablo, Gambit, and Jubilee are entitled also to their own adventures.

Marvel puts finally a term at X-Statix when the creators Peter Milligan and Mike Allred give up the magazine. Milligan replaces Chuck Austen as scenario writer of X-Men (which loses the “New” at the time of X-Men Reload) in January 2005.

During this time, the series NYX starts with for high-speed motorboat the character X-23, an young woman clone of Wolverine which appears for the first time in the televised series X-Men: Evolution . X-23 joined Uncanny X-Men then. It is the third time that Marvel integrates a character resulting from television. The first was Firestar of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends (1981), and the second was Morph (with some physical changes) of the animated series X-Men of 1992.

House off M

See also: House off M

In 2005 leaves to the United States the crossover House off M . It appears in France in 2007, published by Marvel France. It is the beginning of many upheavals in the Marvel universe, and particularly at X-Men and the New Avengers.

Wanda Maximoff, the red witch, girl of Magneto and member of the Avengers, becomes insane. It has the capacity to modify reality according to its desires. The community of the Supermen think that it represents a danger to the ground, and some of them decide to kill her. To counter their project, it modifies the world so that each one lives the life of which he always dreamed. In the world imagined by Wanda, the mutants do not have to hide any more. However part of the heroes remembers the world front. Estimating that their world should not be, they find a means of forcing Wanda to dissipate its magic spell. The readers learn whereas Wanda was handled by his/her father, Magnéto, and its brother, Vif-Argent. For it, the capacity of the mutants represent a danger. In order to rêgler the question and particularly the human/mutant problems of cohabitation, it expresses this simple wish: More mutants .

Decimation

See also: Decimation

The world of the Marvel heroes thus returns to the " normale". But after M-Day, caused by the Red Witch, 91.4% of the mutants their capacities lose. Today, they are nothing any more but one handle to have preserved it. Xavier declares whereas the surviving mutants can if they wish it to join the institute to be protected. The US government takes again this proposal on its account and launches the " project; Sentinel Squad One". It sends these agents to unearth the surviving mutants where that they are, in order to bring them to the institute, from now on supervised day and night by Sentinels, under the pretext of protect them from the extremists anti-mutants.

X-Men realize that they became a species dedicated to the extinction, because even the possibility of becoming mutant was removed human genome. Number of the pupils of the academy lost their capacities, and for their safety they are returned on their premises (much thinks that as they do not have any more capacities, they do not interest any more the professors). What is it of their future?

Civil War

See also: Civil War: X-Men

A combat between theunpleasant ones and a team of superman, known under the name of New Warriors, cause the death of six hundred people with Stamdford, upsetting the public opinion. This drama causes the application of a new law, Superhuman Registration Act, which aims at obliging all the supermen to be recorded near the government, and to make some in fact of the agents of the SHIELD. This situation involves a division of the community of the supermen and causes a war between them. The faction in favor of the law is carried out by Iron Man, while the leader of the opposition is Captain America (however government official since the creation of this superman).

X-Men wish to remain neutral in the conflict, but the situation soon will oblige them to choose a camp, it does not matter that they do not want to be implied…

Adaptations of the series

Televised series

In 1989, Marvel produces a pilot of televised series off, based on X-Men, named “Pryde the X-Men”. It is not finally never diffused but leaves well later in video.

In 1992, Fox Network lance televised series in the form of cartoon. It puts in scene the Deer, Cyclops, Gambit, Jean Grey, Jubilee, the Professor X, Malicia, Tornade and Wolverine. Bishop and Cable make frequent appearances there. The series meets an important success, becoming one of the most popular series of animation of American television. It lasts five seasons until 1997.

In 2000, Warner Brothers lance also a series animated for television. This time, X-Men: Evolution puts in scene X-Men (teenagers) within the framework of their studies at the academy of Professor Xavier. The series lasts four seasons until 2003.

Video games

Many a Video games was carried out starting from the series of X-Men. Practically all the generations of consoles were entitled to their adaptations:

Films

The first attempt to carry out a film based on the universe of X-Men dates from the end of the year 1980. James Cameron, realizer of Aliens the return and Terminator is then had a presentiment of for the realization. But the project does not succeed.

In 1996, the Fox produces a telefilm named Generation X .

It should be waited until 2000 so that the film X-Men kind with the cinema. It is about a film with large budget, carried out by Bryan Singer. Success is phenomenal and starts again the fashion of films of superman of Marvel, well of others will follow very quickly: Spider-Man (2002), Daredevil (2002), Hulk (2002), the second shutter of the saga, X-Men 2 (2003), 4 Fantastic (2004), Spider-Man 2 (2004), Elektra (2004), X-Men the final confrontation (2006), Spider-Man 3 (2007), Ghost Rider (2007), the Four Fantastic ones and the Money Surfer (2007).

In 2003, Singer carries out a second film sobrement entitled X-Men 2 with a success even larger. The scenario is drawn partly from God Loves, Man Kills , the famous graphic Novell of X-Men of the years 1980 whose several elements were already used in the first shutter. X-Men (Professor Xavier, Jean Grey, Cyclops, Tornado, Wolverine and Diablo) there temporarily make alliance with Magnéto and Mystic against William Stryker.

As the audience of the first two films is sufficiently important, Marvel decides to leave the third to finish the trilogy X-Men envisaged. It is Matthew Vaughn which was to carry out film to replace Singer which declines the proposal (preferring to carry out Superman Returns ). But Vaughn declares fixed price, and it is Brett Ratner ( red Dragon , Rush Hour …) who is announced with the realization, which causes panic at the fans, for which the presence of Ratner means total rupture with the vision of Bryan Singer (rupture consolidated by the circulation of a scenario on Internet who would be pretext only with one film filled with engagements…). X-Men the final confrontation leaves on May 24th, 2006 at the time of a presentation except competition to the Cannes festival. The film contains indeed a strong amount of violence but this one seems justified by the radical choice to which the characters are subjected.

Apparently there would not be other X-Men films envisaged, only two new films in connection with X-Men: Magneto and Wolverine . The first is préquelle putting in scene Xavier and Magnéto in their youth and their meeting. The film Wolverine would be him also préquelle with the trilogy and will have as a title X-Men Origins: Wolverine , the film will leave to the cinema on May 1st, 2009.

See too

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