Wylie transliteration

The transliteration Wylie is a method of transliteration making it possible to today pass from the characters Tibetans to the Latin alphabet, and become ajourd' a standard, especially in the Anglo-Saxon mediums.

Starting principle

The principle of development was to be able to retranscrir the Tibetan by using only the characters available on a Typewriter anglophone standard.

The method is also designed to retranscribe precisely the writing of the texts Tibetans. Any system of romanisation of the Tibetan makes indeed vis-a-vis a dilemma: does it have to try to precisely reproduce the sounds of the spoken Tibetan, or the orthography of the writing? The two forms differ indeed largely, owing to the fact that the orthography was fixed at the 11th century, while the pronunciation continued to since then evolve/move. While the preceding methods tried to make both, by finding a point medium, they appeared vague. The Wylie transliteration, contrary, was conceived to retranscrir scripts Tibetans precisely. So it gained its place in the academic mediums. It is not however effective to retranscribe the pronunciation.

Transliteration of the consonants

The system transliterates the characters Tibetans as follows:

The final letter of the alphabet Tibetan, the null consonant ཨ, is not transliterated, its presence being implicitly indicated by a syllable starting with a vowel.

In Tibetan, the groups of consonants inside the same syllable can be represented by the use of prefixed or suffixées letters, or then by the use of letters super-fixed or under-fixed at the letter-root (thus forming a " empilement"). The Wylie system usually does not distinguish the difference, since it does not give place to any ambiguity according to the writing rules of the Tibetan. The exception is however the sequence gy-, which can be written either with a prefix G, or with a suffix Y. In the Wylie system, these two cases are distinguished by insertion from a point, ". " , between the prefix G and the there initial one. For example: གྱང, " mur" , gyang is transcribed; while གཡང ་ , " précipice" , becomes g.yang.

Vowels

Four marks of the vowels (applied here to the dumb letter ཨ) is transcribed as follows:

When a syllable does not have an explicit marker of vowel, the letter has is inserted to represent the inherent vowel " a" (p.ex. ཨ ་ = a).

See too

Random links:1895 | Bengala | List sources of Diogène Laërce | Henry de Lumley | Park of Saint-Hyacinthe | Windsor (seat) | Plus_grand_que_le_ciel