Pelotas is a city located in the Brazilian State of the Rio Grande C Sul.

History

The first historical reference of the appearance of the Municipality goes back to June 1758, by the means of the ground donation of the edges of the Lagoa back Patos that Gomes Freire de Andrade, Count de Bobadela, made with the Colonel Thomáz Luiz Osório. Fleeing the Spanish invasion of 1763, much of the inhabitants of the Vila of Rio Grande sought refuge on the grounds belonging to Osório. Then united with them outlaws of Colônia C Sacramento, city which was delivered in 1777 by the Portuguese to the Spanish S, according to the methods of the Traité of San Ildefonso signed between the two countries.

In 1780, the Portuguese Jose Pinto Martins, who gave up the Ceará because of the Sécheresse, based on banks of the Arroio Pelotas the first Charqueada (Salaison of meat). The prosperity of the establishment, supported by the localization of the place, stimulated the installation of other factories of the same kind and the Economic growth of the area, giving origin to the locality which will become the city of Wound into a ball.

The Parish of São Francisco of Paula, founded the July 7th 1812 on the initiative of the Father Pedro Pereira de Mesquita, was high with the category of borough the April 7th, 1832 . Three years later, the President of the Province, Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes Braga, transformed it downtown with the name of Wound into a ball, suggestion made by the Député Francisco Xavier Pereira. This name draws its origin from the Embarkation S of Liege doubled Cuir used to cross the rivers at the time of the charqueadas .

The great expansion of the saltings made regard Pelotas as the true economic capital of the province, being implied in all the great causes Civique S.

The invention of the refrigerating , at the beginning of the 20th century, made break down the sector of the conservation of the meat by salting and drying and put the economy area in Bern.

Geography

The city is located on the edge of the Canal São Gonçalo which connects the lagoas back Patos and Mirim, both larger Lagune S of Brazil. The Climat is subtropical Tempéré, with temperatures being able to go from 23,3°C in January to 12,2°C in July, the coldest month of the year. The most rainy month is February, with 144 mm of Précipitation S. the average temperature of the east city of 17,6°C and the pluviometric average annual is of 1200 Misters the city is located at 55km of distance from the Atlantic Ocean and has a lake beach (on Lagoa back Patos) of the name of Laranjal. In the surroundings Marais and some scattered sand are dunes.

Settlement and religions

The principal immigration of the area was that of the Portuguese, especially originating in the islands of the Azores, which influenced deeply the culture of the city, mainly out of culinary and architectural matter.

Other great immigration was that of the German (of Poméranie), which were fixed in the rural areas of the municipality, contrary with the Portuguese which settled in urban area. The city shelters also Afro-brésilien S descendants of Esclave S, Italian descendants of , Polish, French, Arab Juifs and . The Amerindian number of those of the S, although ignored, is regarded as being negligible. As for the Religion, the majority of the Pelotenses (approximately 70%) affirms being of Culte roman catholic, follow-up of the Protestant religions (especially among the population of German origin), such as the Église S Lutheran and Anglican. The Spiritism and the ritual Brazilian Negroes (such as the Umbanda and the Candomblé) must also be mentioned.

Economy

Wound into a ball at the second more important concentration of tanneries of the State and one of the greatest capacities as regards tanning of leathers and Peau X of Brazil.

The Municipality has also a tradition of culture of fishing S and of Asperge S. the production of Lait is very important, turning into to place the largest dairy producer of the Rio Grande C Sul. Wound into a ball presents a active and diversified Commerce with many service S and small, average and large Entreprise S.

• Returned per head (2000): R$ 345,20 (Exchange 2000: R$1,00 = 4,00 FF)
  Atlas of the Human Development UNDP

• GDP per head (2003): R$ 6.321 (Exchange 2003: 1,00€ = R$ 3,00) Source: FAIRY

Mayors

• 2004 Bernardo Olavo Gums of Souza (PPS) - elected official with 100.088 votes

• 2000 Fernando Stephan Maroni (Pt) - elected official with 94.953 votes

Demography

• Life expectancy: 69,91 years (2000) Source: FAIRY

• Coefficient of infant mortality (2005): 19,88 per 1000 Source: FAIRY
• Rate of Illiteracy (2000): 6,25% Source: Source: FAIRY
• Population growth (2005): 1,20% per annum
• Index of Human development (IDH): 0,816
  Source: Atlas of Human development UNDP - 2000
• 52,55% women
• 47,45% men
• 93,17% of the population is urban
• 6,83% of the population is rural

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