Worsen peul of Macina

See also: Empire peul

The Empire peul of Macina , called “Diina”, is a founded theocratic empire at the 19th century by the marabout peul Sékou Amadou. It extends on part of the current Mali, of Tombouctou in north, the country Mossi in the south, Mauritania in the east with the area of Mopti, with Hamdallaye like capital.

The peuls, come from the Fouta Toro, had settled in the area towards the end of the 14th century. At the beginning of the 19th century, the “ardos”, chiefs of clan peuls, controlled the area.

Sékou Tinder, exiled with Noukouma after having encountered problems with the oulemas of Djenné, fights its first battle in to it 1818 against the ardos, combined in Fama (king) of Ségou. It is the victory which leads it to declare Jihad and to conquer Djenné later one year in 1819. It makes shave the large mosque built by king Koi Koumboro and makes build a new mosque.

It then founds a theocratic empire which it names diina , which means “faith in Islam”. It divides its empire into 5 areas, each one directed by a military governor and a religious council. It founds the town of Hamdallaye which becomes the new capital, where seat the council of the diina , composed of forty religious leaders and soldiers, and placed under his authority. It develops Koranic teaching.

The economy rests on the bovine and ovine breeding. Sékou Amadou imposes to the nomad peul the sedentarisation. The populations Bambaras, soninkées, bwa and Dogons become “riimaybe”, “slaves of the peuls” and work in agriculture. To develop the trade, Sékou Ahmadou standardizes the measuring units on the territory of the Empire.

In 1844, with died of Sékou Ahmadou, it is his/her son Amadou Sékou then his/her small son Ahmadou Ahmadou in 1852 who follows one another on the throne.

In 1862, whereas the empire is still prosperous, it is attacked by the emperor toucoulor El Hadj Oumar Tall which seizes Djenné and Hamdallaye.

Category: History of Mali Category: Worsen peul of Macina

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