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In the Hindouisme, Sûrya (of the root Sanskrit E on or svar , to shine) is the god sun, wire of Aditî and Kashyapa. It has four wives, Saljnâ, the knowledge , Râjnî, the sovereignty , Prabhâ, the light and Châyâ, the shade . It is the father of Manu, the first man and the legislator of humanity, but also of Yama, the god of Mort and Yamî who will become, after its death, the river Yamunâ.

In late mythology, Sûrya is sometimes represented like an Iranian warrior, fitted boots, having four arms, with gilded hair and the coppered skin. According to the Indian astronomer Varâmihîra, which probably lived at the 6th century, the solar worship would have been imported into India by priests mazdéens since the Perse, which is coherent with its appearance. In its Brihat-samhitâ , it is made the echo of the legend which tells the loves of Sûrya and Nikshubhâ, the girl of the Sujîva Brahman, of which it would have had a son named Jarasastra, name which seems to be the deformation of Zarathoustra.

Sûrya moves in a tank led by Aruna and drawn by seven horses or a horse to seven heads, representing the days of the week.

Not very many in India, the most remarkable temples dedicated to Sûrya is:

the black Pagoda of Konârak, in Orissa, often considered as one of the most beautiful temples of India
the Temple of Modhera, recently redécouvert with the Goujerat
the Temple of Mârtand to the Cashmere
the temple of Sûrya to Gwâlior

Epithets of Sûrya

Aharpati : the lord of the day
Jagat chakshu : the eye of the world
Jayanta : the victorious
Jîvana : the source of life
Karma sâkshin : pilot breadth of the acts
Pâvaka : the purifier
Saptashva : the lord of the seven horses
Dadhikrâ : the divine horse

See too

Vivasvat

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