The willows are a kind ( Salix ) of trees, shrubs and shrubs of the family of the Salicacées, including/understanding approximately 350 Espèce S spread throughout the world, mainly in the zones fraiches and wet of the moderate and cold areas of the northern hemisphere. The origin of the word Salix is Celtic sal: near, and lily: water

General characters

August 1st

Principal species

• Salix acutifolia Willd.
• Salix aegyptiaca L.
• Salix alaxensis (Andersson) Coville
• Salix alba L. - white Willow
• Salix amplexicaulis Bory & Chaub.
• Salix amygdaloids Andersson - Willow with sheet to fish
• Salix ansoniana J. Forbes
• Salix apennina A.K. Skvortsov - Willow of the Apennines
• Salix apoda Trautv.
• Cheap Salix appendiculata .
• Salix arbuscula L.
• Salix arctica Stake.
• Salix argyracea E.L. Wolf
• Salix arizonica Dorn
• Salix armenorossica A.K. Skvortsov
• Salix atrocinerea Brot.
• Salix aurita L. - Small marsault
• Salix babylonica L. - Weeping willow
• Salix balfouriana C.K. Schneid.
• Salix barclayi Andersson
• Salix bebbiana Sarg.
• Salix bicolor Willd.
• Salix bikouensis Y.L. Cabbage
• Salix bonplandiana Kunth
• Salix brachycarpa Nutt.
• Salix breviserrata Flod.
• Salix burjatica Nasarow
• Salix burqinensis Chang Y. Yang
• Cheap Salix cesiums .
• Salix calliantha J.Kern
• Salix candida Flüggé ex Willd.
• Salix cantabrica Rech. F.
• Salix capensis Thunb.
• Salix capitata Y.L. Cabbage & Skvortsov
• Salix caprea L. - Willow marsault
• Salix capusii Franch.
• Salix carmanica Bornm.
• Salix caroliniana Michx.
• Salix caspica Stake.
• Salix cavaleriei H. Lév.
• Salix chaenomeloides Kimura
• Salix cinerea L. - ashy Willow
• Salix cordata Michx.
• Cheap Salix daphnoides . - Willow daphne
• Salix discolor Muhl.
• Salix drummondiana Barratt ex Hook.
• Salix elaeagnos Scop.
• Salix eriocephala Michx.
• Salix excelsa S.G. Gmel.
• Salix exigua Nutt.
• Salix fargesii Burkill
• Salix floderusii Nakai
• Salix fluviatilis Nutt.
• Salix foetida Schleich. ex cd.
• Salix fragilis L. - fragile Saule
• Salix gilgiana Seemen
• Salix will glabra Scop.
• Salix glauca L.
• Salix glaucosericea Flod.
• Salix gooddingii C.R. Ball
• Salix gordejevii Y.L. Chang & Skvortsov
• Salix graciliglans Nakai
• Salix gracilistyla Miq.
• Salix hastata L.
• Salix hegetschweileri Heer
• Cheap Salix helvetica .
• Salix herbacea L. - herbaceous Willow
• Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook.
• Salix humboldtiana Willd. - Willow of Chile
• Salix humilis Marshall
• Salix hylematica C.K. Schneid.
• Salix integrated Thunb.
• Salix irrorata Andersson
• Salix japonica Thunb.
• Salix jessoensis Seemen
• Salix koreensis Andersson
• Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz
• Salix laggeri Wim.
• Salix lanata L.
• Salix lapponum L.
• Salix lasiolepis Benth.
• Salix lemmonii Bebb
• Salix lindleyana Wallace ex Andersson
• Salix linearistipularis (Franch.) K.S. Hao
• Salix will longiflora Andersson
• Salix longistamina Z. Wang & P.Y. Fu
• Salix lucida Muhl.
• Salix luctuosa H. Lév.
• Salix magnifica Hemsl.
• Salix matsudana Koidz. - tortuous Willow
• Salix maximowiczii Kom.
• Salix medwedewii Dode
• Salix melanopsis Nutt.
• Salix microstachya Turcz.
• Salix mielichhoferi Jump.
• Salix miyabeana Seemen
• Salix moupinensis Franch.
• Salix muscina Dode ex Flod.
• Salix myricoides Muhl.
• Salix myrsinifolia Salisb.
• Salix myrsinites L.
• Salix myrtilloides L.
• Salix neowilsonii W.P. Fang
• Salix will nigra Marshall - black Saule
• Salix nivalis Hook.
• Salix pantosericea Goerz
• Salix paraplesia C.K. Schneid.
• Salix pauciflora Koidz.
• Salix pedicellata Desf.
• Salix pellita Andersson
• Salix will pentandra L.
• Salix petiolaris Sm.
• Salix phlebophylla Andersson
• Salix phylicifolia L.
• Salix planifolia Pursh
• Salix polaris Wahlenb.
• Salix psammophila Z. Wang & Chang Y. Yang
• Salix purpurea L. - Willow crimson
• Salix pyrenaica Gouan
• Salix pyrifolia Andersson
• Salix pyrolifolia Ledeb.
• Salix rehderiana C.K. Schneid.
• Salix repens L. - Willow crawling
• Salix reptans Rupr.
• Salix reticulata L.
• Salix retusa L. - Willow with sheets rétuses
• Salix retusoides J.Kern
• Salix rorida Lacksch.
• Salix rosmarinifolia L.
• Salix sajanensis Nasarow
• Salix salviifolia Brot.
• Salix schwerinii E.L. Wolf
• Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.
• Salix sericea Marshall
• Salix serissima (L.H. Bailey) Fernald
• Salix serpyllifolia Scop.
• Salix silesiaca Willd.
• Salix sitchensis A.C. Sanson ex Bong.
• Salix siuzevii Seemen
• Salix starkeana Willd.
• Salix subopposita Miq.
• Salix subserrata Willd.
• Salix suchowensis W.C. Cheng
• Salix sungkianica Y.L. Cabbage & Skvortsov
• Salix taxifolia Kunth
• Salix tenuijulis Ledeb.
• Salix tetrasperma Roxb.
• Salix will triandra L. - Saule with three cheesecloths
• Salix turanica Nasarow
• Salix turfacea G. To haul ex Münchh.
• Salix udensis Trautv. & A.C. Mey.
• Salix uva ursi Pursh
• Salix variegata Franch.
• Salix viminalis L. - Willow of the basket makers or green wicker
• Salix vulpina Andersson
• Salix waldsteiniana Willd.
• Salix wallichiana Andersson
• Salix wilhelmsiana Mr. Bieb.
• Salix wilsonii Seemen
• Salix yezoalpina Koidz.

Distribution

Willows and birches are the first trees to colonize the Friche S.

Especially the banks of rivers, indeed the willow needs an open area and of much of light, water is an important character for its development. It is rather acidicline and will be installed on ground has going pH from 5.5 to 7.5 it prefers the grounds light and wet such as the alluvia of the edges of water court.

Use

The willows are cultivated mainly for the ornament, in particular the the Weeping willow, by far most known in the parks and gardens.

Certain species provide Bois, appreciated in particular for the manufacture of handles of Outil S, Gaulle and the flexible branches used in Vannerie (Osier).

The bark of willow is known since the Antiquité for its healing virtues. Hippocrates advised already a preparation starting from the bark of the white willow to relieve the pains and the fevers. In 1829, a French pharmacist, after having made boil powder of bark of white Willow in water, concentrates its preparation. It results from it from the soluble crystals that it baptizes Salicyline (of Latin salix ). Later one will use this Salicylic acid to extract from the Acetylsalicylic acid or more commonly " Aspirine ".

Before the invention of the Auxine of synthesis, one made use of the Eau of willow to facilitate the Bouturage of all types of plants.

Bark

The majority of the Willows are covered with the Automne of a white Cire which protects them during the Hiver. Like all waxes, this wax is hydrophobic, i.e. that it does not let pass water. This property protects the tree from the Déshydratation during the winters but returns also the more difficult Respiration. To solve this problem, the tree is equipped with Lenticelle S.

Poetic symbolic system

The willow enjoys a famous ambassador: Alfred de Musset, which appreciated this tree. Here an extract of its poem the Willow :

“My dear friends, when I die,
Plant a willow with the cimetière.
I like his éploré foliage;
The paleness is soft and expensive to me,
And its shade will be légère
With the ground where I will sleep”.

The poet is buried with the cemetery of the Father-Lachaise, and the willow (more precisely a Weeping willow), was only planted only in 1942, that is to say 85 years after its death, by admirors of the poet. But, for the little story, “the willow was planted, but, one says, it did not thrive; one had to plant of it a second which did not thrive more, then a third, then a fourth and thus, I believe, up to fourteen”… ( Books Alfred de Musset , Maurice Allem).
This is due to the fact that the ground, a compact green clay, prohibited the growth of the roots. The tree which is there is thus weak, and its sheets are recroquevillées. It should be changed every 4 years.

See this page for photographs

External bonds

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