William Edward Burghardt Of Wood

William Edward Burghardt Of Wood (February 23rd 1868 - August 27th 1963) was a originating Afro-américain of which militated for the recognition of the Civic right of the Blacks in the United States. It was also Sociologue, editor and poet. It belonged to the Franc-maçonnerie. It was naturalized Ghanaian in 1963.

He was prize winner of the International prize of peace (decreed by the World council of peace) in 1952 and of the Prix Lénine for peace in 1959.

Youth

Wood was born on February 23rd, 1868 with Great Barrington (Massachusetts) from Alfred From Wood and Mary Silvina Burghardt From Wood. His/her father was of Haitian origin, but the William young person lived in poverty with his mother. He studied with the Université Fisk of Nashville (Tennessee), then with the Université Harvard starting from 1888. In 1892, it accepted a treatment which enabled him to integrate the Université of Berlin. He travelled through Europe and côtoya the best sociologists and German economists of the time, like Gustav von Schmoller. He returned to the United States and was the first graduate American Black of a doctorate of philosophy of Harvard in 1895.

W.E.B. Dubois the writer

After these studies in Harvard and Berlin, he taught with the Wilberforce University in the Ohio, then with the Université of Pennsylvania before fixing himself in the department of sociology of the Université of Atlanta.

Wood wrote three Autobiographie S and published one of the first American sociological works, The Philadelphia Negro (1896). Other tests followed with The Souls off Black Folk (1903), John Brown (1909), Black Reconstruction (1935) and Black Folk, Then and Now (1939). In Black Rebuilding , it shows the central role of the Afro-Americans during the American Civil War and the time of rebuilding. He was also the author of several novels, in particular The Dark Princess . Its book The Negro (published in 1915) influenced work of Drusilla Dunjee Houston and William Leo Hansberry.

A militant of the Afro-American cause

During all first half of the XXe century, W.E.B. Dubois was one of the principal intellectuals and activists black-American. This is why one allotted to him the title of father of the Panafricanisme (in English The Father off Side-Africanism ). In 1905, Wood took share with the the Niagara Movement with William Monroe Trotter: about thirty Black-American met in Canada to discuss the segregation and the means to leave there; but the two men ended up moving away one from the other because of their dissension on the participation of the White in defense of the Civic right . In August 1906, it took part in another meeting with Harpers Ferry, on the campus of Storer College. Three years later, in February 1909, it contributed to the creation of NAACP: the National Association for the Advancement off Colored People is an organization charged to defend the rights of the minorities to the United States.

In 1910, Dubois gave up his post of teacher at the university of Atlanta University to devote itself fully to the activities of the NAACP. He wrote several articles in various newspapers of the black community ( Chicago Defender , Pittsburgh Courier , New York Amsterdam News ); he also worked for the San Francisco Chronicle . But especially, it occupied during 25 years the post of editor as a chief of the newspaper of the NAACP called The Crisis .

Wood published authors of the Harlem Renaissance such as Langston Hughes and Jean Toomer. In 1934, it took again its pulpit of teacher in Atlanta.

Communism

As from the years 1940, it posted its sympathy increasing to the communist theses, which was worth to him to be supervised by the FBI. He visited the Popular republic of China during the Grand Step ahead. March 16th, 1953 he declared in the National Guardian , that “Joseph Stalin was a great man; few of other personalities of the XXe century equalized its stature” ( Joseph Stalin has great man; few other men off the 20th century approach his stature ).

In 1950, it was presented to the senatorial elections to represent the American Labor Party and accepted 4% of the votes. It accepted the Prix Lénine for peace in 1959. In 1961, to the 93 years age, it adhered officially to the Communist party of the United States of America.

He emigrated in Ghana, from which he took nationality, and where it mourrut in 1963.

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