Wilhelm Reich

Biography

First years

Wilhelm Reich is born in 1897; his/her parents, Leon Reich, an easy farmer, and Cecilia Roniger, are Juif S assimilated, and will raise it apart from any religious tradition. Shortly after its birth, its family settles more in the south in a farm of Jujinetz, close to Tchernivtsi, Bucovine. It will allot later its interest for the study of the sexual relations and the biological bases of the emotions to its education in the paternal farm, where the natural functions of the life were never hidden to him.

It followed a teaching to residence until the 13 years age. At the 14 years age, he played a big role in the suicide of his mother by revealing with his father the connection of this one with one of his tutors. Then its residence shortly after the death of his/her father in 1914 had to flee, at the time of the arrival of the Russian armed . In its Passion off Youth , he wrote: “I never revive neither my native soil, nor my goods. Of my easy last life, it is to me nothing remained. ”.

Life in Europe

After the end of the First World War, during which it fights on the face Italy N, he becomes doctor, then psychiatrist and is interested in philosophy, the natural science, and incipient sexology. After conferences on the psychoanalysis given in margin of its studies of medicine, it meets Freud at the University of Vienna which offers two of its books to him and encourages it. It takes an active part in the seminar of Psychanalyse of which he quickly becomes the sub-manager, he is in particular with Sandor Ferenczi the initiator of a new seminar: the technical seminar, and publishes several works, of which one on the “function of the orgasm (1927)” that it dedication in Maître , (cf bibliography) where the concepts “of sexual economy are clarified” and of “character Génital”.

Reich realizes that, for a great part, the cause of the neuroses is of socio-economic origin (problems of housing, economic independence of the woman, difficulties of contraception). It trains a group of doctors and male nurses to help the people in the poor districts of Vienna. It creates a free psychoanalytical dispensary for the most stripped. Because of this social implication, its psychoanalytical entourage forces it to move in Germany in 1930 with Berlin. It adheres to the Communist party to more easily reach youth in revolt in order to exempt councils as regards sexology to him, also by booklets. It is in dissension with the apolitical attitude of the Company of psychoanalysis.

Its engagement continuing near the masses, it creates SEXPOL, research a public center of and discussion on the contemporary living conditions and the conditions of blooming of sexual satisfaction in the popular masses. Sexpol attracted many associations, more than one hundred thousand members, and was prohibited at the time of the rise of the Nazism. There remains its newspaper " about it; Zeitschrift für Politische Psychology und Sexualökonomie"

Its relations with Sigmund Freud are friendly as long as Reich “sticks to the psychoanalysis”, and it belongs to the circle of its close friends. But a dissension occurs in connection with the theory of Freud on Thanatos and Eros: according to Reich, Thanatos (" instinct of mort") is only one secondary impulse, acquired during the life of suffering, and not primary education (Freud). With the consecutive risk with the persecution of the Communists by the new Nazi regime, their relations worsen.

In 1933, as a Jew and a Communist, it flees the Germany Nazi. It is exiled with the Denmark, then in Norway, where it begins research on the “biological function of sexuality and the anguish” (Biological function off sexuality and anxiety) with the assistance of a new team, formed doctors, psychoanalysts, of an engineer in electricity, study who leads it to be interested in the biogenesis which will lead it to work out the theory of the Bion S.

In 1939, It passes in England to meet ethnographer Bronislaw Malinowski (it is from one of books of Malinowski that he worked out a theory of the evolution of the matriarchy to the patriarchate - the irruption of the sexual morals), which invites it to join it with the the United States, to occupy a post of lecturer.

Life in the United States

Reich is accommodated in the United States by Theodore Wolfe, it is established in New York where it teaches psychiatry and the characterial analysis in New School for Social Research and where it also exerts as psychiatrist-psychoanalyst in his private cabinet. After a few years, it buys, in Maine, a great property, which it baptizes Orgonon, where it creates “Orgone Energy Clinic”, intended for the detection of the energy diseases (biopathies), and “Orgonomic Infant Research Center”, dedicated to the study of the child since the antenatal stage until adolescence to continue its work with its assistants in the field of biology and biophysics. Y took place of the conferences on its discoveries, inventions and on the evolution of its research, from where it will publish a newspaper (available in microfilms to the Holy-Genevieve library in Paris) and where his/her collaborators came to visit it. This place is currently the museum Wilhelm Reich; it is located at Rangeley.

ORANUR

December 15th, 1950 begins experiment ORANUR (Orgonotic Anti-Nuclear Radiation). Reich locks up a needle of radioactive Radium in one of its accumulators. The goal of Reich is to check if the concentrated orgone can counter the mortifères effects atomic radiations. In February of the following year, the experiment leads to an energy catastrophe, the place becoming uninhabitable.

In addition, Reich proposes with voluntary patients an experimental treatment being able to help them to surmount their cancer, his patients being irradiated in a " accumulator of Orgone " and profiting in parallel from a " végétothérapie caractério-analytique". Blood samples (a few blood drops) are carried out to evaluate the effects of the irradiation on the organization: on these questions, to consult the book " biopathy of the cancer" ED. Payot.

Reich causes criticisms of the psychoanalytical and medical community American. When well even Reich is doctor of medicine and psychiatrist in addition to have been chief of seminar during his psychoanalytical period, these experiments are considered like depriving the patients of therapy and endangering them. At that time, as during its Scandinavian period, of the rumors qualify it insane and lustful.

Cloudbuster

Among its inventions, let us quote the Cloudbuster (ether tetor, or break-cloud) with the help of which he claimed to make rain, initially during drynesses in Maine, and then in the arid areas (tests in Arizona in 1955-57); it also makes use of it to push back the storms, several versions of the cloudbuster existed, the principle remaining the same one. More modern versions of this aircraft, called Chembuster are supposed capacity to counter the effects of the Chemtrail S.

Legal problem

According to checks undertaken by the Food and Drug Administration , public agency which regulates the frauds, a court prohibits to him the hiring of the accumulators of orgone in the United States. Exceeding these injunctions, it is stopped twice. Judged first once, he refuses to present in front of a court one second time, because he estimates that he is not competence of a civil court to judge a scientific discovery. He will be condemned for insult to the court to two years of imprisonment in 1956; he dies in prison on November 3rd, 1957.

In May 1957 since the library of the prison, he writes these words with his Peter son.

I am proud to find me in so good company with Socrate, Christ, Bruno, Galileo, Moĩse, Savonarole, Dostoĩevski, Gandhi, Nehru, Mindszenty, Luther and all the others which fought against the demon of ignorance, the illegitimate decrees and the social wounds… You learned how to hope as a God as we included/understood the universal existence and the reign of the Life and the Love.

The verdict is always today object of controversy for some. Holding of the Théorie of the plot continue to use this work. They claim, without source, that among these projects, several were partially financed by an organization directly depend on FBI or the CIA. The American political context of the end of the year 1950, marked by the Hunting for the witches, her membership of the Communist party which had been at the origin of some of its vexations at the time of its entry in the United States, but especially the verdict of justice concerning the orgone, seems to them strange: “the energy of Orgone does not exist”. This judgment seems to prove to them that Reich was a scientist persecuted for his extraordinary discoveries .

Reich and its successors

After its death, Reich knew an renewed interest in the Années 1970, which saw the development of the Psychothérapie S. the Végétothérapie rises directly from the concepts of Reich. The bioenergetic Analyze (Bioénergie) was developed by its pupil Alexander Lowen, who was held moved away from the “impression of persecution” from Reich at the time of the orgonothérapie and evokes in Bio-Energy the enthusiasm and the excitation of the years 1945-1947 which disappeared on its return from Europe in 1952. Other therapeutists claim practice reichienne. Let us quote for example the Somatothérapie of Richard Meyer, in Strasbourg, the Analyze reichienne developed in the line line of Reich (Végétothérapie and Orgonthérapie) by Gerard Guasch (Paris, Mexico City), taught in particular with the Circle of studies Wilhelm Reich which animates Jacques Lesage of $the Hague in Paris region.

The primal therapies and the postural Intégration of Painter Jack are practices of inspiration more or less néo-reichienne.

The Canadian researchers Paulo and Alexandra Correa, German John Joachim Trettin. (cf) and James DeMeo, in Ashland, in Oregon work on with dimensions scientist of work of Reich.

Exposed off the secret and not-so-secrecy misery off (year) organomy and reichianism, considered in all off its aspect-- negro spiritual, material, sexual, economic and political, and in particular scientific by Malgosia Askanas, Ph.D.

References

Abbreviations: FSG for Farrar, Straus and Giroux , New York. The French publishers domiciled in Paris except contrary mention.

Primary literature

First writings, vol. 1 (articles, 1920-1925), of which " Conflicts of the libido and delirious formations in Peer Gynt of Ibsen " (1920), in " First writings: 1" volume; , ED.: Payot, 2006, ISBN 2228900907
First writings, vol. 2: genitality in the theory and the therapy of the neuroses , Payot, 2006, ISBN 2228901024, Orig. German Die Funktion of Orgasmus , 1927 altered starting from the theory of the orgone.
Die Funktion of Orgasmus (1927) Translation of the original text in a pirate edition exhausted (1975) at the Editions from the New World, 17 impasse Lénine, 93 Montreuil.
dialectic Materialism and psychoanalysis in the sexual crisis , social Editions, 1933. Orig. German Dialektischer Materialismus und Psychoanalyze , 1929.
the sexual fight of the young people , François Maspero, 1972. Orig. German DER Sexual Kampf der Jungend , 1932.
What class consciousness? writes under the pseudonym of Ernst Parell, translation and edition of Constantin Sinelnikoff, 1971.
the irruption of sexual morals , Payot, 1999. Orig. German Der Einbruch der Sexualmoral , 1932.
characterial analysis , ED.: Payot-pocket, 2006, ISBN 2228900591; Orig. German Charakteranalyse , 1933. ED. American Character Analysis , 1945,1949, réimp. FSG, 1980.
the psychology of mass of Fascism , Payot, 1999. Orig. German Massenpsychologie of Faschismus , 1933. ED. American The Farmhouse Psychology off Fascism , 1946, réimp. FSG, 1970.
The Bions Experiments: one the Origin off Life , FSG, 1979 English translation of Die Bione Oslo, 1938.
the sexual revolution , Christian Bourgeois, 1982. Orig. German Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf , 1936.
The Bioelectrical Investigation off Sexuality and Anxiety (articles, 1934-1938), FSG, 1982.
Children off the Future: One the Prevention off Sexual Pathology (articles, 1928-1938), FSG, 1983.
the function of the orgasm , the Arch, 1986. Orig. German Die Funktion of Orgamus , American transl. The Function off the Orgasm , 1942,1948, réimp. FSG, 1973.
biopathy of cancer , Payot, 1985. Orig. German Der Krebs , American transl. The Cancer Biopathy , 1948, réimp. FSG, 1973.
Listening, small man! , illustrated by William Steig, Payot, 1999. Orig. German Rede year den kleinen Mann , American transl. Listen, Little Man! , 1948, réimp. FSG, 1974.
ether, God and the devil , Payot, 1999. Orig. German and American Ether, God and Devil , 1949, réimp. FSG, 1973.
the cosmic superposition , Payot, 2001. Orig. American Cosmic Superimposition , 1951, réimp. FSG, 1973.
The Oranur Experiment , 1951, Xerox Wilhelm Reich Museum, Rangeley.
The Orgone Energy Accumulator, Its Scientific and Medical Uses , 1951, Xerox Wilhelm Reich Museum, Rangeley.
the murder of Christ , Free field, 1971. Orig. American The Murder off Christ , 1953, réimp. FSG, 1978.
men in the State , Payot, 1978. Orig. American People in Disorder , 1953, réimp. FSG, 1978.
Contact with Space , 1957, Xerox Wilhelm Reich Museum, Rangeley.
Selected Writings: Year Introduction to Orgonomy , FSG, 1961.
Reich speaks about Freud , Payot, 1998. Orig. American Reich Speaks off Freud , FSG, 1967.
The Record off has Friendship: The Correspondence off Wilhelm Reich and A.S. Neill , FSG, 1984.
Passion of youth , the Arch, 1997. Orig. American Passion off Youth: Year Autobiography 1897-1922 , FSG, 1988,2005.
Beyond Psychology: Letters and Journals 1934-1938 , FSG, 1994.
American Odyssey: Letters and Journals 1940-1947 , FSG, 1999.

Complete works states-uniennes of Wilhelm Reich (books, articles and newspapers of research) are available on microfiches to the Bibliothèque Holy-Genevieve of Paris. Psychoanalytical works are in the files of Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyze , Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft , Zeitschrif für Aerztliche Psychotherapie , International Psychoanalyze Verlag , etc

Secondary literature

In French language

Baker, Elsworth F.: the man taken with the trap , ED. from Verlaque, Aix-en-Provence, 1993. Orig. American Man in the Trap , Macmillan, NY, 1967, réimp. American College off Orgonomy, 2000.
Bean, Orson: Me and the orgone , Eras, Ramonville, 2002. Orig. American Me and the Orgone , St Martin' S Near, NY, 1971, réimp. American College off Orgonomy, 2000.
Bertin, Georges: imaginary of the pulsation: reading of Wilhelm Reich , Presses of the university of Laval, Quebec, 2004.
Dadoun, Roger: Hundred flowers for Wilhelm Reich , Payot, 1975,1999.
DeMeo James: the handbook of the accumulator of orgone , Sully (Valves) 2001
Gardner, Martin: uncovered magicians (chapter 21), Presses of the city, 1966. Orig. American Fads and Fallacies in the Name off Science , Dover Publications, NY, 1952,1957.
Guasch, Gerard: " When the body parle" , Valves, Sully, 1998/2002.
Guasch, Gerard: " Wilhelm Reich, vital energy and psychothérapie" , Paris, Retz, 1998.
Lesage of $the Hague, Jacques: " Psychopolitique of the body, the Analysis reichienne" , Lyon, libertarian Workshop of creation, 1996.
Marchi, Luigi of: Wilhelm Reich, biography of an idea , Paris, Beech, 1973.
Ollendorff, Ilse: Wilhelm Reich , P. Belfond, 1970. Orig. American Wilhelm Reich: In Personal Biography , St Martin' S Near, NY, 1969.
Raknes, Ola: Wilhelm Reich and the orgonomy , Eras, Ramonville, 1989,2002. Orig. American Wilhelm Reich and Orgonomy , Penguin, 1970.
Reich, Peter: In the search of my father: burst dreams , Albin Michel, 1977. Orig. American has off Book Dreams , Harper & Row, NY, 1973.
Rycroft, Charles: Wilhelm Reich , Seghers, 1972. Orig. American Wilhelm Reich , Viking Near, NY, 1971.
Sinelnikoff, Constantin: the work of Wilhelm Reich , red nights, 1970,2002.

In English language

Boadella, David: Wilhelm Reich, the Evolution off his Work , Henry Regnery, Chicago, 1973.
Brady, Mildred Edie: “The Strange Puts Wilhelm Reich off”, in The New Republic , May 26th, 1947.
-: “The New Cult off Sex and Anarchy”, Harper' S , April 1947.
Corrington, Robert: Wilhelm Reich, Psychoanalyst and Radical Naturalist , FSG, 2003.
Mann, W. Edward: Orgone, Reich and Eros: Wilhelm Reich' S Theory off the Life Energy , Simon and Schuster, NY, 1973.
Sharaf, Myron R.: Fury one Earth: In Biography off Wilhelm Reich , St Martin' S Near, NY, 1983, réimp. Da Capo Near, NY, 1994.
Wilson, Robert Anton: Wilhelm Reich in Hell (play), Falcon Near, Phoenix, 1987.

Catalog of films

"Misterije organizma (" 'Mysteries of the organization "), docu-fiction of Dušan Makavejev, 1971. Film on the theories developed in " the sexual Revolution " of Wilhem Reich. Put in prospect for the bioenergetic Analysis in the historical context of the evolution of manners.
Wilhelm Reich - Viva Little Man! , documentary Worthy To mix-Marcovicz, 1987.

External bonds

French bonds:

Wilhelm Reich : presentation, its life, its work on the site of Philippe Costing
Biography on the site of Association for the knowledge of the orgone
Wilhelm Reich without Freud, Marx, Orgone by Bernd A. Laska
international Movement for a of libido ecology, a political movement inspired by Reich
Végéthothérapie
biography and file on the orgone

Bonds in foreign language:

the museum Wilhelm Reich in Rangeley in Maine, notable for its biography of Reich
ORAC anomalies
American College off Orgonomy
Reich' S FBI Spins
Orgone Biophysical Research Lab of James DeMeo
Wilhelm Reich, Rotten.com Library
entered on Orgone Energy, Wilhelm Reich in The Skeptic' S Dictionary of Robert Todd Carroll
Wilhelm Reich: Mein Ausschluss aus DER IPV (exclusion of Reich of the AIP)
bibliography with photo' S

Simple: Wilhelm Reich

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