The common wild rose is a Arbrisseau spine ux of the rosacée family of the S, very common in the moderate areas of the old world. One finds it in the hedges and wood especially in Plaine. It is a species close to the cultivated Rosier S, but always with Fleur S simple. It is used like Porte-greffe for improved variety S of pink S.

Scientific name: Rosa canina L. It belongs to the kind Rosa , section of the '' Caninæ ''.

Common nouns: wild rose, wild rose of the dogs, rose tree of the dogs, wild rose tree, rose tree of the hedges. The name of “rose tree of the dogs” comes from the property allotted in Antiquity to the root of this supposed plant to cure the Rage.

Description

The wild rose is a shrub which can reach three meters in height, with Tige S drawn up, arched, provided with bent pivots. They are provided with Stipule S developed.

The Sheet S alternate, made up, include/understand 5 to 7 toothed elliptic leaflets.

Flowers, or wild roses, from 4 to 5 cm in diameter, have a simple corolla with five Pétale S white rosy, and many cheesecloth S. They are often solitary or joined together in Corymbe S. the floral Réceptacle is dug in the shape of ballot box (Hypanthium) which contains the hairy Carpelle S.

The Fruit S (Cynorrhodon S or familiarly hips), of ellipsoidal form, are red with maturity, about October. They have from 1,5 to 2 cm length. They result in fact from the transformation of the floral receptacle (false fruits), which contains truths fruits (Akène S resulting from the transformation from carpelles).

Distribution

The species Rosa canina is originating in a vast area, in the moderate zones of the old world, including:

• the North Africa and the Canary islands and Madeira;
• the Occidental Asia, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, the area of the the Caucasus and the Central Asia (Tadjikistan),
• the Indian sub-continent (Pakistan);
• all Europe, of the the Mediterranean to the Scandinavia, including the British Isles and the Russia

It was naturalized in particular in North America (the United States) and in Oceania (Australia, New Zealand).

Varieties and hybrids of Rosa canina

• Rosa canina “Andegavensis”, with glabrous sheets,
• Rosa deseglisei , a Rosa canina of Central Europe with white flowers,
• Rosa marginata and Rosa marginata “Brachyphylla” of Central and Eastern Europe with larger flowers,
• Rosa hibernica , Irish spontaneous hybrid ( Rosa canina X standard Rosa pimpinellifolia spinosissima ),
• “Andersonii”, with the pink flowers larger than those of Rosa canina ,
• “Kiese”: Rosa canina X “general Jacqueminot”, with the flowers simple or semi-double red in corymbe; very cultivated.

Other species of the section of the Caninae

See also: Rosa sect. Caninae

Use

The wild rose was used as Porte-greffe for various varieties of Rosier S, but currently only its variety Rosa canina inermis is still used.

Horticultural varieties were selected for the decorative culture.

The wild rose is used in perfumery for its delicate notes.

Medicinal properties

The Fruit S of the wild rose, or Cynorrhodon S, have medicinal employment and Aliment surfaces. Very rich in Vitamine C (20 times more than citrus fruits) they contain also vitamins B and PP, Provitamine has and of rock salt. Expenses, softened by the first cold ones or after a light cooking, they form a paste which is eaten sweetened with dairy produces. But they are used especially in Confiture S, Sirop S and Gelée S. Séchés and reduce out of powder, they are useful in Décoction for Tisane S.

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