The Poids of marc constitute a system of units of mass used since the medium of the Quatorzième century and under the Ancien Mode French. The average weights of marc are organized by the pile known as of Charlemagne, a whole of stones of balances out of cups piling up one in the other (photo) of a total weight of 50 marcs is approximately 12 ¼ kg.
History
France under the Ancien Mode knows also a large local variety of measuring units . the system of measurement of the King , which prevailed, establishes lights reports/ratios.The systems of measurement to old have a tradition plurimillénaire. They were thus conceived well before the invention of the positional arithmetic system decimal. Their use in the current decimal system - because of their changing reports/ratios (time two, three, four, etc) - requires many conversions. This major and intrinsic disadvantage was the primary reason of their irrevocable abolition by the Régime of Terror to the 1793.
On this date the old units were replaced by the decimal metric system. This one, today still, is the legal system of weight and measurements.
Units of mass in the system of the King (of France)
delivers It Poids of marc or delivers Troyes, attested since the beginning of the 13e century, was worth in all the kingdom since 1266.delivers It of Troyes is - in theory - twelve tenth of the Livre Carolingian. The last was founded into 793 by Charlemagne.
Conversion with the kilogram in the international system
the law of 19 Frimaire Year IX (December 10th, 1799) définit :- the kilogram is equal to 18 827,15 grains of the “ average marc of the pile (known as) of Charlemagne. ” The grain thus equalizes 1.000.000 ÷ 18 827,15 is approximately 53,114 783.703.322 Mg.
- the kilogram is in addition the weight of a DM 3 of water distilled with 4 centigrade degrees, i.e. to the maximum of its density.
At the time, knowledge that a cubic foot-of-king filled with water to the mass of exactly 70 books était - visiblement - lost. According to the first part of the definition, 70 books Frenchwomen should be 7 × (9 216 /18 827,15) = 34,265 409 kg.
While referring to the second part of the definition, water mass contained in a foot-of-king cube - under rigorously identical conditions (Temperature, purity of water, etc) - is of 90 000 3 /27 706 3 = 34,277 255 kg, is approximately 0,035 % additional.
However, a light difference of Salinity - for example : the difference between demineralized water and drinking water in very good quality - is enough to explain this contradiction.
See too
- Currencies of Old Mode
- Measuring units of the Old Mode
External bonds
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