Water quality

The water quality is its quality, characterized from the point of view physicochemical, organoleptic and biological, even ecological (within the framework of the Parent directive on water. This concept is used for drinking water or certain domestic uses or industrialists requiring a water with the particular characteristics (demineralized for example).
L' water is today the foodstuff most strongly regulated.

Evolution

In 2007, in Europe, 63 parameters control drinkable water quality, against six at the end of the XIXe century.
Les maximum contents recommended and authorized of Plomb in water has several times re-examined with the fall because of persistence of a plombemy, and in certain areas (in the presence of naturally acid and demineralized water) of case of lead poisonings in the networks with lead pipes (the European standards aim at dividing by 5 the lead rate of tap water from here 2013).
La last European directive requires standards applied either only to collectings, and to the public network of water supply, but also to the taps.

The standards describing the water quality of surface, or underground, soft or marine (water of bathe or shellfish farming) are based on a reduced number of parameters, but evolve/move in the direction of a greater requirement for nitrates (cf Directive Nitrates 91/676/CEE of December 12th, 1991) but also for other parameters. As example, if the water quality of the French beaches does not improve of 2007 to 2015, a beach on 5 will be displaced in France and 33 prohibited with the public.

Standards

They rise from scientific work, supported on experiments, généralemnet on the animal, or rising from epidemiologic data , defining permissible maximum amounts (DMA) or tolerable (DMT) (day laborers, weekly magazines…).
Il acts of the quantity of such or such substance (one does not take yet counts of them the Synergie S poisons induced by the association of several Polluant S and/or substances known as “ undesirable ”) that an individual is famous capacity to absorb without danger daily throughout his life.

On the basis of average behavior, the maximum quantity brought by water is calculated, and one adds a safety margin to it (because one can be exposed with peaks, and the children or certain people are more sensitive to the toxic possibly present in water).

One can distinguish the inert contaminants from the biological contaminant (bacteria, virus, etc) which can reproduce, the infectious amount not being comparable with the toxic amount for chemicals.

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