War of Livonie

The war of Livonie is a military conflict which opposed 1558 with 1582 the imperial Russia on the one hand to a formed alliance of the Denmark, Sweden of the Grand-duché of Lithuania and kingdom of Poland (the two last amalgamating in 1569 a federation). The objective was the takeover of the Confédération Livonienne, corresponding to current the Estonia and Latvia.

If the first twenty years of the war are very favorable to Russian, the armies of Ivan the Terrible in particular taking Polatsk in 1563 and Pärnu in 1575, Polish carried out by Etienne Báthory changes the course of the war after 1579, taking again all the territory conquered by Russian and going even until to besiege Pskov in 1581 - 1582. The Paix of Jam Zapolski puts an end the same year to the conflict Russo-Polish without modification of significant border, but the Russo-Swedish war still continues several months, until the Paix of Plussa. In the 2 last years of war, the Swedes under the command of Pontus Of Gardie had conquered Narva and the southern part of the Golfe of Finland, the only Russian outlet on the Baltique.

A few years later, a new war Russo-Swedish will make it possible following the Traité of Teusina (1595) to return at the borders of before the war of Livonie.

Be-X-old: Лівонскаявайна

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