War memorials pacifist

The war memorials pacifist appear at the conclusion of the First World War which was held mainly in Europe of 1914 with 1918. It is the first armed conflict which implied as much country throughout the world. The human losses rise with more than 8 million died and 6 million invalids. The France was the country more touched, proportionally with 1.357.800 of killed and of missings, that is to say 10% of the male active population and 18% of called and 4.266.000 wounded. The median number of killed per day among French soldiers is of 900 (1500 for the German army). Following this Hecatomb, some communes élevérent war memorials the against the war.

France

Alsace area

has Strasbourg, the war memorial, inaugurated in 1937 by the President of the Republic Albert Lebrun, carries like only inscription " With our morts" without mentioning the fatherland for which the soldiers fell. Indeed, the area was with the liking of the wars either Allemande, or Française. To honor its deaths, it was high a sculpture representing a mother (symbolizing the town of Strasbourg) holding on her knees her two dying children, one German and the other French. They were fought and in front of death finally they approach. The sculpture was carried out by Leon-Ernest Drivier.

Auvergne area

the war memorial of Riom located in the Département of the Puy-de-Dôme is dedicated to the memory of the Poilus shot for the example. It is registered: “With the innocent victims of the councils of war 1914 - 1918 and with those of the militia and the Gestapo 1939 - 1944”.

With Rocles in the To combine, under the sculpture of a face of child, he is registered voter “Learn how to remove the war”.

On that of Lezoux, located in the department of the Puy-de-Dôme. It is registered “With the children of Lezoux, victims of the war, with those which fought to abolish it”.

Aquitaine region

the sculptor Ernest Gabard old hairy, realized in its native Béarn, about fifteen war memorials of which ten with pacifist connotations: whining with Assat and Sauveterre-with-Béarn, scenes of meditation to Jurançon, Monein, Dax, Igon and Mauléon-Licharre, failing soldier with Pontacq….

has Biron in the the Dordogne, the German sculptor Jochen Gerz rehabilitated the war memorial, inaugurated on July 13rd, 1996. " What is, according to you, enough important to risk your life? " is the question put to the inhabitants of the village. The answers are retranscribed on plates fixed on the monument. The messages speak about love, fear, peace…

has Quinsac in the Gironde, the sculptor Gaston Schnegg, celebrates expert of Auguste Rodin, carried out the war memorial. The monument is dominated by a medallion representing the face of terror of Pierre Schnegg, wire of the sculptor, is disappeared in the Bataille from the Way from the Ladies.

Area Lower Normandy

the war memorial out of stone of Équeurdreville-Hainneville located in the department of the Handle. One finds this same inscription “That cursed is the war” on the stone monument which represents the pain and the suffering of a widow of war and its two children, orphans. The monument was carved by Emilie Rolez at the request of the mayor of then, Hippolyte Mars.

Burgundy area

On that of Gy-l' Bishop in the Yonne, one finds the inscriptions “WAR with the WAR” and “PEACE between all the PEOPLE”

has Chevillon, it also located in the department of Yonne, it is registered “WAR with the WAR - Fraternity between the people”.

Brittany area

the war memorial of Tréguier in the Coast-with Armor, is called “the Whining one”. It was carried out by the sculptor Francis Renaud. It is Marie-Louise Could It who was used as model: it lost on the battle fields of the First World War its three sons and her husband.

Rene Quillivic (1879-1969) is a Breton Sculpteur which carried out in particular in the Finistere war memorials of pacifist inspiration. These models were often inhabitants of the village having lost several children. For example with Plozévet the old man of the monument is Sebastien Gouill, worthy, but destroyed by the loss of three wire and two sons-in-law; with Fouesnant the model is Marie Jeanne Nézet who lost her three sons. His/her own mother often also was used as model as for the monument of Plouhinec (Finistere).

Area Centers

has Vierzon in the Cher, an extraordinary garden Art Déco, shelters the war memorial of pacifist inspiration inaugurated in 1933 and works of sculptor angevin Eugene-Henry Karcher. This garden is girdled by the grids of peace, ironwork representing doves in particular. This installation bears the name of Public garden Lucien Beaufrère, Maire of Vierzon of 1929 to 1935, it is registered with the additional inventory of the historic buildings since 1996.

Area Champagne Ardenne

For Balnot-on-Laignes located in the department of the Paddle and the area Champagne-Ardenne, on the War memorial one finds Cursed inscription of Gentioux the “is the war”.

Area Ile-de-France

has Levallois-Perret located in the department of the Hauts-de-Seine, outskirts of the city of Paris, the Monument with pacifist is inside the cemetery of Levallois; “a wounded combatant fails, another is knelt and, on the base, a young workman breaks a sword”.

Area Languedoc Roussillon

That of Ouveillan in the Aude worked out by the modern sculptor Rene Iché is regarded as one of the most beautiful pacifist monuments of France. It was inaugurated by Albert Sarraut and Leon Blum in 1927.

the monument of Aniane in the Herault where there is a sentence in occitan: “Will guerra It that one vougut is will guerra it with will guerra/His per deaths will nostra will terra and per touta will terra it”. That is to say: “the war that they wanted is the war with the war/died for our ground and all the ground”. I.e. for all humanity.

Aristide Maillol born with Banyuls-sur-Mer in the the Eastern Pyrenees, realized there in 1933 a war memorial of pacifist inspiration after that of Céret in 1922 called “the pain”.

Area of the Limousin

the monument of the Forest-of-Temple, located in the department of Hollow is the only one to our knowledge which commemorates a Femme. It is a traditional monument on the place of the village. Its originality is on the hidden side of the stele where figure the name of Emma Bujardet followed by dead epitaph the “of sorrow”. It is Alexandre Bujardet her husband who financed this monument partly provided that names of its three sons Fernand (death in 1915), Rene (killed in 1916), Maurice (killed in 1917), that of his Marcel nephew (death in 1915) and finally that of his wife Emma Marie Antonia Bujardet, died of sorrow after the loss of its three sons, are registered on this monument.

Always in the Hollow one with Royère-with-Vassivière, Felix Baudy a Soldier shot for the example in 1915 for Offense of cowardice. It has its burial in the communal cemetery. His/her friends masons, posed on a plate the following inscription there: “Cursed is the war - Cursed are its torturers - Baudy is not a coward - But a martyr”. Felix Baudy was rehabilitated in 1934.

the war memorial of Gentioux-Pigerolles located in the department of the Digs. The history of this monument starts in 1922 when, on the initiative of the mayor of the village, Jules Coutaud, SFIO (socialist of the time), it is decided to set it up. On a stele the name of the 58 dead soldiers during the war is engraved. In bottom of the monument, a sign: “Cursed is the war”. It is an orphan equipped with the blouse of the schoolboy, a sad face; it raises the arm by showing the 58 engraved names, as if it wanted to be avenged for the persons in charge of this war.

Area Pyrenees Midday

In the Batch with Lavercantière the war memorial, located in the middle of the village, was set up in 1924. This monument was carried out by the sculptor lotois Emile Mompart (1898-1972). The sculptor represented a humble woman, the lowered face and the hands united in an attitude of meditation. On the basis, two faces are carved and represent soldiers. He is registered there “Poor funny” (of the funny occitan , which means child).

In Ariège with Capoulet-and-Junac, it is the sculptor Antoine Bourdelle who then carried out the war memorial at the request of his friend Paul Voivenel mayor of the commune. The sculpture is made up of three heads representing the fear, the suffering and death. The monument was classified Historic building on August 6th, 2007.

Nord/Pas-de-Calais Area area

the monument of Avion in the Département of the Pas-de-Calais was high for its central part in 1924, then the two side wings in 1948. It is registered there: “The town of Plane to his/her children, civilian victims and soldiers. You will not kill”. The high relief is a representation of the war under the features of Damia. The inscription “You will not kill” is inspired by the Decalog.

has Auchel in the Pas-de-Calais, the sculptor Felix-Alexandre Desruelles carried out a monument “To fade the war, to sing peace” according to its terms. The monument breaks up into two scenes: “Peace in black country” representing the serenity of a family of minor and “humanity in mourning” symbolizing the cruelty of the war. The monument was inaugurated in 1928. Felix-Alexandre Desruelles also realized in 1930, the war memorial of Arras, where a woman, symbol of peace, dominate the monument.

Area PACA

Two war memorials close to Nice: that of Clans where it is registered “Cursed are the persons in charge of the war and honor to those which worked for the peace” and that of Peille which takes again the sixth command “You will not kill”.

There exists also the monument of Mazaugues in the Var where is registered: “The Union of the Workers will make peace in the world/Humanity is cursed if, to show courage, she is condemned to kill eternally”. The first quotation is of Marx, that Anatole France often quoted, and second is of Jean Jaurès.

has Castle-Arnoux located in the department of the Alp-of-High-Provence, one finds the pacifist inscription “Pax, Vox populi”, title of the poem of the Mayor Victorin Maurel engraved on the monument. This monument represents a man who breaks his sword on his knee, behind him a woman cries. At the top, a terrestrial sphere is surrounded by a branch.

}} " |- |align=center|PAX… VOX POPULI |- |Passer by is inclined owe this monument! …
See this woman in mourning showing the hécatombes
Its dried up eyes of tears, scan with far the tombes
Where sleep so much of valiant knight, victims of the moment! …
They made these heroes solemn the serment
To close black the catacombes
forever Backs, say, the abuses and the bombes
And would be blessed, O peace, sister of disarmament! …
Passer by, is inclined! Look at this mother! …
It clamp with his/her son: “glory is well amère
Glory, O my child, is there, at our large morts
But, knows from now on, that the war is a crime
That it leaves after it, with cuisants remorse,
Those which made sink the people in the abyss. |- | Victorin Maurel, mayor of Castle-Arnoux (1825-1925), teacher. |}

Picardy area

On the monument of Fibula, one finds famous Picarde cursing the war carried out by the sculptor Paul Auban. Of pacifist spirit, it is a stone woman leaning on a corpse and which tightens its fist avenger in direction of invisible persons in charge. He was inaugurated on June 20th, 1926.

has Vingré located in the Département of Aisne a monument was built with the memory of six soldiers shot “for the example”. One can read there: “Into this field fell glorieusement the corporal Le Floch, the Blanchard soldiers, Durantet, Gay, Pettelet and Quinault of 298ème R.I., shot on December 4th, 1914, solemnly rehabilitated by the Court of appeal on January 29th, 1921. - Homage of the war veterans of 298ème R.I to the memory of their innocent dead comrades victims of the example”.

On the Plate of California of the commune of Craonne, in Aisne, draws up the sculpture of Haïm Kern, commemorating the eightieth birthday of the armistice of 1918. It is Lionel Jospin the Prime Minister for the time which inaugurated the monument. The name of Craonne, located in the middle of the Battle of the Way of the Ladies, was popularized by the Song of Craonne which remains associated with the mutineers with 1917 with the First World War.

the monument of Creil in the Oise with a sculpture of Georges Armand Vérez, allegorical representation of Peace with an inscription: “Peace appearing with humanity”.

Rhône Alpes area

has Saint-Apollinaire in the the Rhone is the known sentence of Paul Valéry: “The war is the massacre of people who do not know each other with the profit of people who, them, know each other but do not massacre”.

the war memorial of Saint-Martin-with Estréaux located in the department of the the Loire comprises three panels with a column. A list presents deaths of the war with their photograph. In the middle of these names, whining was carved in low-relief. On the other face of the monument, three panels resolutely pacifist. A panel affirms: “If screw pacem, para pacem”, that is to say “if you want the Paix, prepare peace”. A second panel ends in “Cursed is the war and its authors”. The third panel draws up an assessment of the war, by detailing deaths (12 million) and the sufferings of the people. Finally with the inscription: “the Innocent ones with the execution post”, it is denounced there the drama of the soldiers shot for the example. In order to respect the mourning of the families and that of the fatherland, the monument was inaugurated only in 1947. This text was the object, in the Thirties, of degradations whose the members of the French Action were marked.

has Dardilly located in the department of the Rhone, it is registered on the monument: “Against the war, with its victims, the fraternity of the People”.

has Termignon located in the department of the Savoy: “The Whining one”, work of the Genevese sculptor Luc Jaggi (1887-1976).

Photographs of French war memorial

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