Walter Gropius (Berlin, May 18th 1883 - Boston, July 5th 1969) is a Architecte, Design er and German Urbaniste . He is the founder of the Bauhaus, movement key of the art European of the Entre-deux-guerres and carrying the bases of the international Style.

Resulting from a family of important German architects (father and great-uncle), he studies the Architecture with Munich (1903 - 1904), then with Berlin (1905 - 1907), then works in the agency Peter Behrens until in 1910. It is on this date that it starts to work of independent. The first building owners with which it can express its creativity come from the world of industry, with in particular the construction of the Fagus factory of Alfeld-year-DER-Leine in 1911, with the flat roofs, the metal structure and the entirely glazed frontages, characterized by orthogonal lines. It takes part in the contest of architecture for the construction of the seat of the newspaper Chicago Tribune in 1922.

In 1915 he marries Alma Mahler, the widow of Gustav Mahler. They divorce in 1920.

In 1937, it decides to emigrate in the United States where it directs the Graduate School off Design of Harvard. He is the associate of Marcel Breuer until 1941. He carries out several experiments of habitat standardizing while seeking to avoid monotony. In 1946, it founds the agency The Architects Collaborative (TAC). Philip Johnson, Paul Rudolf, John Johansen and Edward Barnes are its students in Harvard.

Achievements

• 1926: it created its own school of architecture: the Bauhaus with Dessau (Germany) which is composed of a school of Architecture, a school of Art, a free surface, a center requested by the state and of the rooms of student. Further residences deprived for the professors are created who inevitably did not appreciate the building of the school mainly made up of windows. The school will be recovered by the Nazis during the war but will remain intact.
• 1938: it builds its own house with Lincoln, Massachusetts.
• 1949-1950: Graduate Center of Harvard: seven student's residences connected by passages.
• 1963: building of the PanAm to New York with Pietro Belluschi. Its project, of orthogonal plan and 59 stages is discussed.

Complement

In certain books, one finds Walter written in the form Walther , Walter being the Francization of Walther , first name German.

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