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Under the Republic

The main of cavalry ( magister equitum ) was under the ancient Rome the chief of staff of the Roman Dictateur by which it was named. Like the dictator, the Master of cavalry exercises a six months mandate in the event of serious disorders. It is entouté about 6 Licteur S. He is of a Magistrat exceptional RUE since it is necessary that the senate proclaims the state of exception so that she is exerted.

The first dictator date of 501 av. J. - C., it acts of Titus Larcius Flavus which names Spurius Cassius Vecellinus main of cavalry.

In 368 av. J. - C., Caius Licinius Stolon, Powerful orator of the plebs, is named Master of cavalry by Publius Manlius Capitolinus as a sign of appeasing, that is to say 12 years before the first dictator Plébéien. It is the first Plébéien to reach this load.

In 356 av. J. - C., a Plébéien for the first time is named dictator, with the indignation of the Patricien S, which called into question the election of the Consul Plébéien envisaged by the Lois licinio-sextiennes.

After 202 av. J. - C., this dictatorship fall in disuse, because Rome is from now on safe from any direct threat, and the permanent presence in Rome of the urban praetor allows that a Magistrat equipped with the Imperium ensures the behavior of the Comices. The Sénat will be satisfied to reinforce temporarily the capacity of the Consul S and the magistrature will not be exerted any more until the dictatorship of Sylla.

In 81 av. J. - C., Sylla was made name dictator according to the traditional ritual but appointed a Master of cavalry which did not have any capacity.

One of most famous the Master of cavalry was Marc Antoine, named by Jules César at the beginning of its dictatorship. Another Triumvir, Lépide, was him also Master of cavalry of the perpetual dictator.

Chronological list of the Roman dictators and their Master of cavalry

Under the Empire

From the 3rd century, the need for rapid intervention of military forces vis-a-vis the cruel raids led the emperor Gallien to give again importance with the function of Master of the cavalry, which took a great importance.

Posterity of the title

In the European nations as from the Rebirth:

  • France: Master of the Horse
  • the United Kingdom:
  • Germany:
  • Roman Papacy: Cavallerizzo Maggiore , or Superintendent of the stables of the Palates; titrate pontifical Maison.

See too

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