The word vortex admits various significances which go from the Mécanique of the fluids to arts.

Physical significances

See also: Swirl (physical)

As opposed to what the partisans of the Perpetual motion claim, the vortices do not create energy. They are in fact a change of management of the batch of particles which in general gives a dissipation of energy by Friction.

Flow

In a flow on free face, a vortex is a swirl of vertical axis characterized by a more or less important decrease on this axis. One observes it in particular during draining of a bath-tub or in a mixer. There exists about it with more large scales on certain marine sites (for example Charybde).

Aéro and hydro dynamic

A fluid passing around a surface can move at a speed different on a side and other of the obstacle. One thus obtains by the Principe of Bernoulli a different pressure between these two flows. At the junction point, one thus has a difference in pressure and the fluid will move towards the lowest pressure causing a swirl. An example of that is the marginal Tourbillon creates at the end of a wing of plane. This last is parallel to the displacement of the apparatus and increases the Traînée.

Meteorology

See also: Force of Coriolis

In Meteorology, in the Tornado S and Cyclone S, one speaks about vortex to indicate a swirling atmospheric circulation (specific of a depression) materialized by the rolling up of one or more spiral cloudy bands around a center of rotation. It is thus a basic zone pressure, so called “Œil of the cyclone”.

The depressions turn in the direct direction in the northern Hemisphere and the retrograde direction in the Southern hemisphere. It is an effect of the rotation of the Earth which one names the Coriolis force. It is very weak and is notable only for these phenomena with temporal and space large scales. Fast rotation in a tornado can be in a direction or the other according to the conditions having created it. Some believed to be able to also apply Coriolis to the draining of the bath-tub but to be able to observe it, one needs very strict experimental conditions (complete stabilization of the water mass, absence of vibrations and drafts) with a very slow flow, of about a day. In the everyday life, the direction of rotation is related to the initial conditions which can make start the swirl in a direction or the other.

Artistic significances

A vortex is a human spiroid pictorial interpretation tending to show via the tool Informatique a description of infinite, generally component elementary of the concept of Fractale.

In a broader direction, many Fiction S, and particularly the Science fiction, use the term “vortex” to indicate an entity allowing the Téléportation, generally in the Temps or the space, but also sometimes towards another dimension. The Portail thus indicated is generally a delimited space which téléporte any object there penetrating. The vortices were always a source of inspiration for the authors and realizers since nobody does not have a quite precise definition of this word, nor of its formation.

Mixer of reagent

The Vortex is also the name which the researchers gave to a machine being useful has to mix products in a Tube test to be sure that the molecules mix. The tool is circular, in the hollow in the middle of a plastic circle one poses the test tube containing the reagents. The test tube vibrates so that a perfect mixture is created. There are the more or less powerful ones for more or less great quantities.

See too

Related articles

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• Spiral

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