Vsevolod Mikhaïlovitch Eichenbaum (in; ) known as Voline (in), born the August 11th 1882 with Voronej and died of September 18th 1945 with Paris.

Biography

Born in an easy family (her father and its mother are doctors), made Voline of the studies of right to Saint-Pétersbourg, It then takes an active share with the Révolution of 1905, since it takes part in the foundation of the Soviet of Saint-Pétersbourg. it is arrété by the police force. Imprisoned, he escapes and gains France in 1907. In Paris, he attends the Russian anarchistic mediums. In 1913, he becomes member of the Comité of international action and made propaganda against the war which approaches. In 1915, threatened of imprisonment by the French government, he flees towards the United States, where he meets Trotsky and declares to him that this last would stop it if they were found in Moscow (what will be checked thereafter in 1920). He is accommodated by the Fédération of the Russian Unions of workmen in the United States and in Canada for which he took part in the review Goloss Trouda ( the Voice of Work ), he starts at once an activity of propagandist and publicity agent within the review.

In 1917, the drafting leaves for Russia, it is selected as editor association of the review which becomes the body of the Union of propaganda anarchist-trade unionist of Pétrograd. After the agreements of Brest-Litovsk, it leaves the review and goes to Brobov in the south of Russia, where it is in charge of the education of the popular masses. It takes part in the daily newspaper Nabate ( the Alarm bell ). It also takes part in the work of the Conference of Koursk. It is in particular charged to write an anarchistic synthesis which can be a program for all the anarchistic tendencies of Russia. The reaction Bolshevik obliges it to leave her functions, and it returns then in contact with the movement makhnovist. It then takes the head of the section of culture and education of the insurrectionary army. In 1919, the army elects it president of the insurrectionary Military council, but it is stopped six months later by the Red Army (under the command of Trotsky) which gives it between the hands of the Tchéka. It is released in October 1920 following an agreement between Makhno and the Bolsheviks. It leaves then for Kharkov to prepare the anarchistic congress of December 25th, but the Bolsheviks (under the orders of Trotsky) stop it the day before the congress, with all the anarchists having fought with Makhno.

Imprisoned and tortured, it is released following an intervention of European trade unionists come to take part in a Congress of the Profintern, but it must leave the Soviet Russia forever. It takes refuge in Germany, where it militates within the free working Union which sat at Berlin. It writes there the booklet persecution against anarchism in Soviet Russia , and translated the book of Pierre Archinoff: History of the Movement makhnovist . He creates also the Russian weekly magazine of language, the anarchistic workman .

Sebastien Faure invites it in France to take part in the drafting of the anarchistic Encyclopédie . It written there many studies, often reproduced in booklet. At the request of Spanish CNT, it writes its newspaper of French language Spain antifacist . At the time of the declaration of war, it is with Marseilles where it will become acquainted with Emile Danoën. During its Marseilles stay, it finishes the writing of its philosopher's stone the unknown Revolution . Deprivations, and the dangers of the clandestine life that it must carry out during this period are right of its health, and it dies of tuberculosis at the Laennec hospital. It is buried with the Cimetière of the Father-Lachaise.

External bond

• '' the unknown Revolution ''

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