The vodka (Russian: водка , Polish: wodka ; meaning " small eau") alcoholic drink is a colorless originating in Poland which became since national alcohol Russian. Between: 4000 with: 5000 vodka marks are present on the market which has the wheel in motion. Vodka is found especially in the composition of many Cocktail S.
Etymology
The word " Vodka" is the abbreviation of a Russian sentence meaning " the water which returns the vie". |date= October 21st, 2007
History
It was distilled as of the 14th century, but one century later, the prince Ivan III (1462 - 1505) prohibited any production of strongly alcoholic beverages. The Tsar Ivan IV (1533 - 1584), known as Ivan the Terrible , built a first tavern with Moscow and founded the principle of the Distillerie S and places of distribution of State. It thus had the monopoly on the production and the sale of vodka, which made it possible at the State to garner substantial profits. During this period, vodka played a very important part in the culture and the Russian economy.In 1894, the Emperor Alexandre III, issues that the standard of the alcohol content of Russian vodka is of 40°. He is based on work of the chemist Dimitri Mendeleïev who had previously shown that best vodka titrated with 38°, but the taxation of the time being calculated of the alcohol level, it is the title of 40° which was preserved to facilitate the task of the tax services.
Today, one produces vodka in many countries, in particular in Russia ( Russky Standart, Kristall, Ladoga ), in Ukraine ( Nemiroff , Khortytsja ), in Poland ( Żubrówka , Chopin , Wyborowa , Żytnia , Pan Tadeusz , Krakus , Jan III Sobieski , Belvedere , Absolwent ), in Sweden ( Absolut ), in Finland ( Finlandia ) and in the United States ( Smirnoff ). One produces some even in France ( Vertical , Grey Goose , Puhre , Poliakov ), and in Suisse ( Xellent ). Some, like the Polish Żubrówka or Belorusse are aromatized with the Herbe with the bisons . Other perfumes exist: Pepper, Lemon-yellow, etc
Production
Vodka is a Eau-de-vie which can be produced starting from Seigle, of Blé, but also of Potato, or Betterave. It titrates between 37 and 80 degrees of alcohol, but more classically 40. Vodka remains by far the first alcohol consumed in the world with a little more than 500 million cases of 9 liters in 2005.
Adulterated vodka
In Russia, for a few years, of many kiosks have sold cheap products (1,5 euro) on which are affixed labels " vodka". They are in fact often toxic products, which caused during the first 10 months of the year 2006 17 000 deaths according to the spokesperson of the Duma Boris Gryzlov.To prevent this traffic, the Russian government envisages to take measures. For the moment (November 2006), nothing is decided, but two solutions are profiled:
- the first would be to nationalize the production and the distribution of alcohols
- to create an public agency which would place itself between the producers and the distributers and which will be in responsibility of ensure the control of all the productions of alcohol
The production of adulterated vodka exists in Russia for a long time and without causing as much death. The reason is that the government legislated to increase the content of various toxic products in industrial alcohols which are used with the production as adulterated vodka and that, to precisely prevent the alcohol counterfeits. The problem is that did not prevent the smugglers from continuing their production.
Vodka in music
The Russian singer Babach made herself famous in 1989 with the song “ Russkaya Vodka ”.
Reference
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