Villa médicéenne

The villa médicéenne is the name which indicates a rural field come in possession from the family Médicis or built by it enters the 15th century and the 17th century, in the area immediately close to Florence, generally in Toscane, that is to say in the zone of commercial influence their marketing activities.

History

The first are those of Trebbio and to Cafaggiolo, they go back from Trecento and relate to their agricultural properties of the Mugello, territory of origin of the properties of Médicis.

In Quattrocento Cosme the Old one makes build by Michelozzo the villas of the Careggi district of Florence and Fiesole, buildings still austere in the forms, but where the elements of the architectural kind start: course, loggia, garden. Laurent Splendid the which often resides for long periods at Careggi, fact habit of joining together there the Académie neoplatonician and the coterie of Marsilio Ficino, and it is there that he dies in 1492.

With the passing of years Médicis encircle Florence with their villas, for all the period granducale energy of par with the development of their interests in all Tuscany and one attends the emergence of a constellation of these architectural structures even in the zones far away from the capital of the duchy of Tuscany.

The system of the villas médicéennes constitutes a true microcosm around whose all ritual court of Médicis is held. Often established on the same spot of old castles, as of the such villas to the maximum the high level of architecture rebirth and baroque reached in Tuscany express and make it possible to measure the evolution of the styles. All this diversifies considerably these villas of more of the simple rural houses Tuscan .

The villas cannot be inherited, acquired, put under sequestration or built exclusively that at Médicis. At the end of the 16th century the territorial system of the villas, by many economic interests and strategic, is assembled at least to sixteen principal villas according to the only historico-artistic profile and in 1738, to the extinction of the Médicis house, all the properties are transferred to the dynasty Lorraine.

In Tuscany

Principal villas

  1. Villa Medicea del Trebbio (middle of the 14th century - 1738) - San Piero has Sieve in the Mugello
  2. Villa Medicea di Cafaggiolo (middle of the 14th century - 1738) - Barberino di Mugello
  3. Villa Medicea di Careggi (1417 - 1738) - Careggi district of Florence.
  4. Villa Medicea di Fiesole (1450 - 1671) - Fiesole
  5. Villa Medicea di Poggio has Caiano (1470 - 1738) - Poggio has Caiano
  6. Villa Medicea di Castello (1480 - 1738) - on the hill of Castello with Florence.
  7. Villa Medicea di Mezzomonte (1480 - 1482 and 1629 - 1644) - Impruneta
  8. Medicea Villa Petraia (first half of the 16th century - 1738) - 40, Via Petraia with Florence
  9. Villa Medicea di Camugliano (1530 - 1615) - Ponsacco province of Pisa
  10. Villa Medicea di Cerreto Guidi (1555 - 1738) - Cerreto Guidi
  11. Imperial Villa Medicea di Poggio (1565 - 1738) - Viale dei Colli in Florence
  12. Villa Medicea di Pratolino (1568 - 1738) - Vaglia
  13. Villa Medicea di Lappeggi (1569 - 1738) - Bagno has Ripoli
  14. Villa Medicea dell' Ambrogiana (1574 - 1738) - Montelupo Fiorentino
  15. Villa Medicea Magia (1583 - 1738) - Quarrata
  16. Forte View-point (1590 - 1738) - close to the esplanade Michel-Angel (Piazzale Michelangelo) in Florence
  17. Villa Medicea di Artimino (1596 - 1738) - Carmignano

With those, must be added other villas, approximately 25, secondary, generally agricultural or held little time by Médicis.

Secondary villas

  1. Villa Medicea di Collesalvetti (1464 - 1738) - Collesalvetti

  2. Villa Medicea di Agnano (1486 - 1498) - San Giuliano Term
  3. Villa di Spedaletto (1486 - 1492) - Lajatico
  4. Villa Medicea di Stabbia (1548 - 1738) - Cerreto Guidi
  5. Villa Medicea della Topaia (1550 - 1738) - between Florence and Sesto Fiorentino
  6. Villa Medicea di Serravezza (1560 - 1738) - Seravezza
  7. Villa Medicea di Marignolle (1560 - 1621) - close to Galluzzo
  8. Villa Medicea di Lilliano (1584 - 1738) - Bagno has Ripoli
  9. Villa Medicea di Coltano (1586 - 1738) - close to Pisa
  10. Villa Medicea di Montevettolini (1595 - 1738) - Monsummano Terme

Each Médicis family member had his own villa like festivity and pleasure ground for the Large Duke who moved from one villa to another: for hunting with Pratolino, in Trebbio and Cafaggiolo, for the stay of spring in Ambrogiana, and during July in Artimino for its freshness in the hills.

Ceratines villas are famous, like the villa of Castello, because Cosme Ier made there realize what is the prototype of the Jardin to Italian the by Niccolò Tribolo, the author then of the Jardin of Boboli.

Today the villas have various destinations: some are true museums (Petraia, Poggio with Caiano, Cerreto Guidi), others are occupied by institutions (as in Castello where the garden is a museum and the villa the seat of the Accademia della Crusca (Academy of the Italian language), or others still were sold or entrusted to private interests, which occupy them for their privative use or intend them to be used as framework for public or deprived events.

The villas médicéennes are represented in the famous series of 17 medallions painted in the 17th century by Giusto Utens of which 14 reached us and who are preserved today at the Museo di Firenze com' will era (Museum of Florence as it was ).
They are irreplaceable documents, testimonys of these residences in the centuries spent, particularly invaluable for operated modifications then or the disappeared like the Villa Pratolino.

Gallery

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