Vegetative multiplication

The vegetative multiplication is a mode of reproduction Asexué E. With the difference of the Sowing which gives new specimens (with a new inheritance Génétique), the vegetative multiplication generates Clone S.

The vegetative multiplication is a natural phenomenon, which is often used by the man for cloner the plants (propagation by cutting, layering, in vitro Culture…). It is at the base many Biotechnologie S vegetable.

All these forms of vegetative multiplication constitute average a rapid and effective to invade a medium of life on short distances.

Techniques of fragmentation of the organization

Propagation by cutting

The propagation by cutting consists in cutting a fragment (woody or herbaceous branch, sheet, piece of root, etc) of a Plante, and making it enraciner in order to obtain a new foot.

Layering

The layering is a technique of vegetative multiplication making it possible to multiply a Plante while placing a branch still connected to the foot of the plant mother in a wet Substrat.

Grafting

The grafting is a technique of vegetative multiplication which consists in carrying out a Clerc's Office, i.e. to put a graft resulting from a plant in another plant which one calls Porte-greffe for the qualities sought in this plant. Caution: the two plants must be of the same botanical family.

Formation of specialized bodies

Rhizomes

They are underground stems with horizontal growth whose sheets are reduced to scales and on which appear buds. In fact perennial structures (living several years) often comprise adventitious roots. They differentiate in that tubers clearly.

Stolons

The ''' let us stolons ''' are branches with horizontal growth (with the ground short-nap cloth) and whose sheets are reduced to scales; it is the final bud which enracine and gives a new individual; the individuals at least temporarily remain attached the ones to the others by the stolon.

let us stolons air:

strawberry plant of wood ( Fragaria vesca ), stoloniferous saxifrage ( Saxifraga will stolonifera ), pilea dwarf ( Pilea pumila )

let us stolons underground:

Sea reed ( Ammophila arenaria )

Bulblets

The bulblets are adventitious buds ensuring the vegetative multiplication.

ex: Kind Bryophyllum (or Kalanchoe; family of the Crassulaceae).

Rejections

Certain plants emit young plants on the sides called rejections . The plants of the family of the Broméliacées, for example, emit rejections at the time of flowering, because they die after this one.

Keikis

The keikis are small plants appearing on the floral poles of certain orchises.

ex: orchis-butterflies (Phalaenopsis)

Propagules

They are small clusters rounded of cells produced in basket with propagules . These bodies meets at the Bryophyte S and the Chromista.

Hormogonies

At some Algue S a fragment of the Thalle can be detached and give again a whole individual. This colonizing fragment is called hormogonie .

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