Vegetable Association

The term vegetable association was created by Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland in 1805. It is used in Phytosociologie, the botanical discipline studying the space and temporal relations between the plants. Insofar as phytosociology is not satisfied to describe assemblies of plants, but also studies the relations of the plants between them and with their medium of life (climate, ground), like their geographical distribution, one can also consider that it is an ecological or geographical discipline, and this more especially as its methods and concepts are applicable to all the types of organizations.

Definitions

by chronological order

  • It is a vegetable grouping of given floristic composition having an aspect uniform and growing under uniform stationnelles conditions

  • association is a vegetable grouping balances some with the medium, characterized by a floristic composition in which certain exclusive elements reveal a particular ecology.

  • the vegetable Community recognized and characterized by its specific assembly and mainly by its characteristic species.

  • vegetable Grouping characterized primarily by a determined floristic composition and relatively constant within the limits of a given surface.

  • original Combination of species of which some, known as characteristics, are more particularly dependant for him, others being qualified partners.

  • fundamental abstract Unit of the hierarchical classification of the vegetable Synusies, consisted of one or several elementary Syntaxons significantly sharing more common characters than of differential natures; the characters taxinomic have priority on the properties structural, chorologic, historical and ecological.

  • basic conceptual Unit of phytosociological classification, statistically definite, expressing the total floristic composition of a whole of homogeneous vegetable communities narrowly related of a given area.

Phytosociological tables

The tables phytociologic describe vegetable associations. They result from statements of ground drawn from the literature. The compilation of these tables is carried out within the framework of the network Tela Botanica, by the " project; tables phytosociologiques" coordinated by pH. JULVE. The tables, classified by mediums according to code CATMINAT, are available to the Excel format on Internet site of Tela Botanica. One will find below the address of the repertories which give access these tables.

  1. marine Water. Oceanic and littoral marine water with watery vegetation primarily algale.

  2. Littoral maritime. Marine littoral with air vegetation, supporting salt, sometimes episodically submerged.
  3. watery Vegetations. Continental with sublittorales, soft water with brackish, in tablecloths free and levelling, of the lakes, ponds, ponds, rivers and rivers, of natural origin or created by the man.
  4. low Vegetation amphibian. Wetlands more or less amphibious, of the edges of lakes, ponds, of rivers, various sources and depressions, with low herbaceous vegetation more or less scattered, not recovering completely the ground.
  5. Roselières, cariçaies and mégaphorbiaies. Wetlands, sometimes amphibious, of the edges of lakes, ponds, rivers, rivers, torrents, sources, depressions various, with high herbaceous vegetation (roselières, cariçaies, mégaphorbiaies), recovering generally completely the ground. (see also the 06/" Tourbières" for trembling of colonization of the edges of boggy lakes).
  6. Peaty. High peat bogs, peat bogs low and trembling, boggy meadows. (see also the 05/3.2.1 for the watery cariçaies, the cladiaies and roselières of the peats with neutral pH and the 14/4 and 14/5 for the moors with chaméphytes).
  7. Walls, walls and fall. More or less vertical walls of the walls and nonmarine rocks; fall. More or less stabilized
  8. Flagstones and sands. Horizontal rock flagstones and more or less stabilized sands, zones with very surface grounds generally of weak trophic Level and supporting the dryness. Basophilic
  9. Lawns and hems. Lawns, steppes and basophilic hems developed on grounds rich in calcium, dry, rather surface and generally low in nitrogen.
  10. Lawns and hems acidophiles. Lawns, hems and long-lived grasses of the forest cuts on acid grounds.
  11. alpine Lawns. More or less extensively grazed permanent lawns, of the stages alpine to subalpine of the Alps and the Pyrenees.
  12. Meadows. Meadows eurosibériennes of the nitrogen rich person grounds fairly rich, undergoing varied husbandries (fertilization, amendment, mowing, pasture, fallow, sowing…)
  13. Cultures, waste lands, hems, cuts and clearings eutrophiles. Cultures, waste lands, forest cuts with disturbed grounds, more or less ruderalized hems nitrophiles, places, and natural zones of similar ecological natures (feet of cliffs, hems dune…). Trophic enrichment is related on the animals, the human actions, the symbiotic nitrogen fixing, or active mineralization in the ground consecutive with the breaks and the increase of sheet of water.
  14. Chaméphytaies (moors, garrigues, phryganeas…). Moors and garrigues with woody hardy perennials (sub-shrubs chamephytic of a few decimetres in height, until approximately 1 m height).
  15. Bushes and hedges. Shrubby hedges and thickets, halliers, fruticées, maquis, matorrals, bushes, pre-coats and coats external, internal, and of forest cuts (shrubby edges), often linear but sometimes in space tablecloths, or more or less burst, made up of shrubs and shrubs.
  16. Wood and forests. Arborescent vegetations and herbaceous intraforestières, of the forests, arborescent wood and thickets.

See too

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