Valiant Edouard

Edouard Valiant , born the January 26th 1840 with Vierzon (Expensive) and died with Saint-Mandé the December 18th 1915, is a Politician French, one of the elected of the Commune of Paris.

Biography

Resulting from an easy family, he is qualified engineer of the central École in 1862, science doctor of the Sorbonne, doctor of medicine, before following philosophical studies to Germany. In Paris, he attends Charles Longuet, Louis-Auguste Rogeard, Jules Vallès. He discovers the theses of Joseph Proudhon, which he meets, and adheres to the International association workers. The declaration of Franco-German war the constrained one to return to Paris, giving up its formation.

It can thus take part in the advent of the Republic on September 4th 1870. It is during the head office of Paris that it becomes acquainted with Auguste Blanqui. It is at the origin of the republican Central committee of the Twenty districts, takes part in risings of Parisian of the October 31st, 1870 and January 22nd, 1871, against the policy of the Gouvernement of National defense. It takes part in the creation of the Central committee of the National guard. January 5th, 1871, it is of the four writers of the red Affiche, which calls with the formation of a Commune in Paris. February 8th, it is, without success, socialist candidate revolutionary with the elections with the National Assembly. March 26th, he is elected with the Conseil of the Commune in the XXe district. He becomes deputy with the State education, succeeding transitory Roullier. He manages to reorganize the elementary schools which undergo the disaffection of a good portion of the monks. He wants to found secularity at the school by prohibiting denominational teaching. He also tries to develop the education of the girls and vocational training, but repression of Versailles does not leave him time of them. It is also managing Official journal Commune.

As of the end of the bloody Week, without waiting its judgment with death in absentia, in July 1872, it leaves for England, while passing by Spain and Portugal. To London, it enters to the secretariat of International where it continues to militate in the tendency blanquist. But it breaks in 1872, finding that the International one is not enough revolutionist.

Of return in France after the general amnesty of 1880, it tries to link the currents of the Socialisme, but the rise of the Boulangisme causes a new division before even the Affaire Dreyfus and the question of the socialist participation in the government which divides Jean Jaurès and Jules Guesde. In the fight between the “revolutionists” and the “reformers”, it adopts an intermediate position. Starting from 1893, it elected is appointed and regularly re-elected until its death in 1915. It takes part in 1905 in the foundation of the French Section of the International worker (SFIO), of which it becomes representing it with the Parliament: interventions in favor of communal freedoms, the eight hours day, the extension of the health insurances, unemployment, disability. Like the majority of the Socialists, it adopts the Sacred union after the assassination of Jean Jaurès.

External bonds

Note of Marc Nadaux

Sources

Bernard Christmas, Dictionary of the Commune, Flammarion, collection Fields, 1978

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