VIIIe front century J. - C.

III | II |

See also: List of the centuries, Roman numerals ----

Events

Beginnings of the culture Dorset with the Greenland and in the North-East of the Canada (-800 - 1000): group wandering Inuit living hunting (marine mammals, caribous) and fishing. The campings increase and change, with the digging of semi-underground houses of winters, where two to three families live. The adaptation to the climatic conditions is revealed by the sledges in bone, of cramons with ices, of the rackets, the skis. Disappearance of the dogs, the arcs and the arrows.

In the Asian and European steppes, the period which goes from at third century BC is in general called age scythic since the most remarkable representatives of this civilization are the Scythes. Similar tools are produced in almost all the zone, independently of the ethnos groups. Bronze arrows and short swords (with a butterfly on the handle) discovered in Central Asia are of a style typically scythic. Art scythic constitutes an amalgam between Assyrian and Greek arts on the one hand and typically wandering arts. The animals are often represented (faced animals). The cauldrons known as scythic are widespread in Central Asia. The expansion of this art proves that at the end of the Bronze Age the wandering people maintain the reports/ratios of the Yellow River to the Black Sea.
Tombs with flagstone of the Mongolia in the west of the Baïkal (of with - front centuries J. - C.), characterized by flagstones posed on the top and sometimes on the sides of the funerary hillocks. Deaths are lying on the back, the head in the east, sometimes posed on a flagstone, often accompanied by invaluable objects: axes and swords of bronze, bronze needle-case with gold needles, bronze mirrors with handle made up of typical animal figures of art scythic. The fragments of the potteries which they delivered come from two types: one resembles the pottery of Ordos and of the southernmost areas of Mongolia, the other is similar to that of the territory of in addition to Baïkal.

Important trade enters the India and Babylon.
Rise of the cities and the States of the valley of the Gange, supported by rice growing.

the Greece saw a social crisis, with the enrichment of the rich person landowners, and an increase in the poor, which leads to the creation of a rural proletariat, the exodus towards the cities or the departure in the colonies. In same time, the trade knows a great development supported by the appearance of the currencies and the creation of a class of tradesmen and craftsmen. The new “middle-class” requires to be associated with the political power and the agricultural proletariat claims a redistribution of the grounds and the abolition of the debts, by social movements.

Advent of the aristocracy in the majority of the Greek cities. Slavery develops.
the Greeks colonize the Mediterranean Monde.
Preponderance of Millet in Ionie. Colonies of Samiens to Samothrace, of Ionian of Paros with Thasos. Exiled Spartans found Tarente.

According to the tradition, Foundation of Rome (753 av. J. - C.).
the Phéniciens found Caere (Cerveteri) in the Latium and settle with Malta (towards -800).

Greek Epopee of Iliade (towards 750 av. J. - C.)
Generalization of the alphabetical writing in Greece, undoubtedly borrowed from Phéniciens. Its use is almost only poetic.
Olympic First Games held in Greece (776 av. J. - C.)
From, the Phéniciens, then the Greek , crosses the strait of Gibraltar and makes the trade of the Alun, tin and iron with British Isles.

Alphabet old Araméen. It differs only by alternatives from the alphabet phenician. It will be taken again by the Hebrew , the Arab and the Syriaque and will be widely diffused in the Middle East. The Greeks will borrow the form phenician and will allow her diffusion in the Mediterranean world, then Western.
Invention of the catapult of seat in Mésopotamie.

the Chinese record the solar eclipses, work of the tools, weapons towards 722 av. J. - C. under the Dynastie Zhou (fine of the Western period, beginning of the Eastern period).
Beginning of the golden age of the Chinese Philosophy 771 av. J. - C. until in 256 av. J. - C.

Composition of the Upanishad S “Treated of equivalences”, treaties Sanskrits of vedic religion.
Origin of the school Sâmkhya, resting on the enumeration of the principles (tattva) constituting the empirical universe. Its foundation is allotted to wise the Kapila. A text versified, the Sâmkhyakârikâ, composed before the 4th century of the Christian era by Îśvarakrişna, presents the old form of the system. Sâmkhya is at the origin of the Yoga, method of delivery which he recommends.

First writing of Americas (culture of the Zapotèques).
Introduction of the intensive culture of the Corn into the alluvial plains of the Amazonia and the Orénoque. More and more hierarchical companies. The agglomerations are stretched on several kilometers along the rivers, sheltering thousands of people and constituting black remains clusters little by little ( Indian Black Soil ).

Nds-nl: 8th eeuw v. Chr.

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