Vésinet is a common French, located in the department of the Yvelines and the area Île-de-France. Vésinet is a residential commune of the Parisian west, being articulated around parks, lakes and artificial rivers, served by green arteries with the trees more than centenaries (four flowers with the Concours of the cities and flowered villages).
Its inhabitants is called the Vésigondins , or the Vésinettois .
Geography
The commune of Vésinet is in the middle of a meander of the Seine, without access to the river, with 19 kilometers in the west of Paris and with four kilometers in the east of Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer. The communes bordering are Chatou in the east, the Croissy-on-Seine in the south, Pecq in the west and Montesson in north.The territory is consisted an alluvial plain staging itself between 45 and 30 meters of altitude, light inclined of the North-East towards south-west.
It is an entirely urbanized commune, formed very mainly of individual dwellings. The green areas account for 20% of the territory. In these green areas, distributed in the commune, water levels were arranged: the higher lake, the lower lake, the lake of the Ibis, with a large central island, and the Lake Croissy. Some of these water levels are connected by brooks.
The communications are ensured by three main roads radiating starting from the roundabout of the Republic (which is an old forest star): in north the road of Montesson (RD 311), in the south the road of Croissy (RD 121), in the center the boulevard Carnot (RD 186). This last which connects the Pont of Chatou to the Pont of Pecq constitutes the principal artery of the commune.
On the railway level, Vésinet is served by two stations of the RER has: the Vésinet-Center and Vésinet it Pecq.
History
The name of Vésinet derives from the Latin visiniolium , place close.
The current territory of Vésinet was formerly covered by a Forêt, part of old the Forêt of Yveline, which was acquired by the king François I {{er}} at the 16th century, and remained a long time a field of hunting of the crown. Under the Revolution, this territory was divided between the new communes of Croissy, Chatou, Montesson and Pecq.
In 1837, the new line of Railroad of Paris-Saint-Lazare to Pecq is inaugurated. In 1848, the layout of the line is modified to allow its prolongation until Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer. The Gare of Vésinet is open in 1862.
The September 29th 1859, the imperial asylum of Vésinet, intended to receive workers convalescents, is inaugurated.
The May 24th 1856 was founded the company Pallu and Co, whose objective was to urbanize the forest of Vésinet in order to create a new Ville. The manager was Alphonse Pallu which for had associated Charles Auguste de Morny, half-brother of Napoleon III (Auguste de Morny is also at the origin of the urbanization of Deauville and Biarritz). For this purpose, it carried out an exchange of grounds with Napoleon III, exchanging 321 ha of grounds located between the forests of Saint-Germain and Marly, which made it possible the emperor to join together his hunting grounds in only one holding against 436 ha in Vésinet (and 49 ha in the forest of Saint-Germain).
The creation of the plan of the city is entrusted to the count Paul de Choulot according to a plan of Cité-jardin “to English” with a checkerboard plan for the downtown area but of the curved roads in second network of circulation, as well as the green castings accompanied by artificial rivers. Work of clearing, earthwork, creation of the networks of lakes and rivers, of installation of the drinking water network as well as works of art, is completed by Pierre-Joseph Olive, appointed architect of the Pallu company. Choulot and Olive cosignent the riding sight of Vésinet (Town hall of Vésinet) gone back to 1858. The downtown area comprises like wants it the tradition a church, the Holy-Marguerite church, which one of the first public buildings is made out of concrete in France.
Some specimens of architecture vésigondine:
The Pallu company arranges what will become one of the very first Lotissement S of France and the October 10th 1858 begins the sale by auction of the first batches.
In 1858, a Schedule of conditions is established. Modified in 1863, it fixes the rules to which must conform the purchasers to preserve the residential character of the allotment. In particular, all the industrial activities are prohibited, only are authorized to settle the gardeners and florists. It is one of the first payments of town planning established in France.
The May 31st 1875, Vésinet is set up in common autonomous. Its first mayor is elected, it is Alphonse Pallu.
Armorial bearings of Vésinet
The armorial bearings of Vésinet are appeared as a blazon surrounded by a crown of sheets of oak and, posed with the top of the blazon, a silver crown. In the upper part of the blazon, on bottom of azure (blue), a daisy is surrounded by two sheets of gold oak. In the lower part, on bottom of mouths (red), a horn is drawn, suspended by the medium of the blazon.
Significance of the elements of the armorial bearings:
- the crown silver recalls the old membership of the territory of Vésinet to kings de France such as Henri IV, Louis XIII, Louis XIV…
- the crown of sheets of oak recalls that Vésinet was a forest before becoming a city, therefore there are so many trees in Vésinet…
- the Marguerite is a homage to Sainte Marguerite, owner of Vésinet, and first name of the first girl of Alphonse Pallu.
- the horn is associated with the shooting parties which the kings in the forest of Vésinet made.
The armorial bearings were drawn by Eugene Bénard, and definitively officialized in 1898. There is no more currency associated with the armorial bearings.
Demography
(graphic development by Wikipédia)
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Economy
Residential city.
Culture
Vésinet comprises many villas with the picturesque architecture of the 19th century, in particular the villa " romaine" Olivia, street Rembrandt, due to P.J.Olive, the Berthe Villa or Hublotière built in 1896 by the architect Hector Guimard.
The Holy-Marguerite church was the first non-industrial building produced in Béton in France. It was built of 1862 to 1865 on ordering of the Pallu company by the architect Louis Auguste Boileau who adopted an innovative party, the use of a metal structure accompanied by a concrete back-up masonry according to the Coignet process, imitating the stone, couvrement by a system the pendentive ones with metal veins. In 1866, creation of the parish of Vésinet by Napoleon III. In 1896, addition of a sacristy in the axis of the chorus and two side chapels connected by a déambulatoire in the fields of the Gilbert architect. From 1901 to 1903, decoration of the vaults by Maurice Denis. This church was very criticized at the time of its realization because of its morphology but also of the Coignet process which caused very quickly black marblings on the walls.
Personalities related to the commune
- Alain, writer and philosopher, lived of 1917 with its death in 1951 in Vésinet where it had bought a villa. It is buried with the cemetery of the Lachaise Father in Paris.
- Guillaume Apollinaire, poet, lived his childhood in Vésinet with his/her mother and her Albert brother.
- Joséphine Baker, lived of 1929 to 1947 in the villa “the Beautiful-Oak”, with 52, avenue Georges-Clemenceau,
- Jean-Louis Barrault, actor and theater director
- Julien Carette, prolific actor, lived in Vésinet.
- Fernand Baker-Aubry, adventurer. Its family was originating in Vesinet.
- Charles de Gaulle installed her general headquarter in May 1940 in “Gouvrière”, 34, boulevard Carnot;
- Jeanne Lanvin, fabricante of perfume and dressmaker, lived several years in Vésinet in its villa, “the old tiles”, with 8, boulevard de Belgique where she died in 1946. She is buried in the communal cemetery.
- Auguste Breton the, writer, lived his last years in Vésinet, 7, rue Pasteur. He is buried in the communal cemetery.
- Francis Lopez, type-setter of operettas, lived with the vésinet of 1948 to 1950 in a villa located in the island-of-Dream (lake Inférieur)
- Jean Marais, movie actor, lived part of its childhood in Vésinet, 90, boulevard de Belgique, where it was raised by his mother, her aunt and her grandmother.
- Shine Mariano, singer of operettas, lived in the villa " Lionceaux" , 86 Boulevard Carnot;
- Maurice Utrillo, painter, lived in Vésinet with his wife Lucie Pauwels a score of years until its death in 1955.
- Jean-Louis Costes, a French artist performer and musician, was raised there, in the house of his/her grandparents
- Charles Rigoulot, Charles Rigoulot is a haltérophile and French racing driver, born in Vésinet in 1903, deceased of a cancer on August 22nd, 1962 in Paris, and buried in Saint-Mandé.
- Anna de Noailles, poet
- Georges Mandel
- Marcel Gotlib, draftsman and scenario writer of cartoon.
- Patrick Makes, humorist and chansonnier French having made party of the team of Laurent Ruquier
Twinnings
See too
Related articles
- Common of Yvelines
- Images of Vésinet
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