See also: User

In Data-processing, user is the term employed to nominate a person who uses a computing system but which is not necessarily Informaticien (in opposition to the Programmeur).

Various levels of users

1. the human user who is not any competent in data processing, which uses the system within the framework of its time of leisure, this one can then have a behavior close to a random entry. It is also this type of user whom it is necessary to convince within the framework of commercial diffusion of a system towards the general public. It can adopt behaviors of user to the commercial direction.

2. the professional user who approaches the system within the framework of constraints related to his activity, the constraints on the use of the system can thus be very elaborate and arbitrarily inhuman. With an aim of improving the effectiveness of this user the massive use of exits results of the experiments of IHM is largely recommended.
3. the advanced user, which knows several details of operation of its system, awaits specific reactions and knows several limits of them. This category gathers primarily the human ones which is plunged to length of day in new technologies. This type of user is practical insofar as it can provide an analysis of the operation of a system (report/ratio of bugs, evaluation of interface,…).
4. “the user human system”: this category belongs and to the developer of system and the Administrateur system. On this level of use of a system, one sees the emergence of one or more forms of specialization on systems given. The user can have very specific knowledge of a system and control all the aspects of them. N the other hand, it is very rare that it can have this level of knowledge for a vast category of systems. (For example, the originator of system of TAL should not probably have the same level for the design of an automotive chain of engineering.).
5. “the user system” machine: this one almost always is very specialized, with a mission defined formally, it is often built to replace the users of level 2, or to discharge them from arbitrary constraints. This user is often an abstraction of other shapes of users used to simulate, to model the behavior of an unconscious or malevolent user.
6. the object, function, Functor or predicate of a higher nature: they all can be defined as being users of resources or results provided by other users of the same level. Often, in order to be able to make them function separately, these users lay out of a formal interface recapitulating the way in which they can (utiliser/ou to be used) (one/by one) (resource/user) external.

One also opposes the simple user to the Administrateur. The user seen like the other with dimensions of the interface -->

The user in the safety of the systems

Into multi-user

The user can be seen like an element of identification. For a system, the capacity of identification of a person allows an improvement of safety. It is then possible for the system to react to contradictory orders. If there is no difference between two users then the system cannot be robust with contradictions.

Example: Connection on a site of reservation of train makes it possible to solve the case of the attribution of the last place, the system manages different users, and will allot the last place to a single user.

See also the Multi-user in the general case.

As a mono-user

The user can be seen like a partner of dialog. For a system, the capacity to be able to dialog with a user is important. The dialog starts before even as the person is not connected to the software. It is established between the system of connection and the person. On this level, competition on the interface of connection cannot be managed by the system.

Example: From a software point of view, they is several users who connect themselves to the system of money withdrawal. From a material point of view, it is a single person. Within the framework of a very integrated solution, it is the computing system which must take account of dilemma. Although in practice, there is often only one camera and of stars in the place of the secret code to check that there is only one single person (without external pressures).

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