University of Teheran

The university of Teheran دانشگاهتهران is oldest and the largest university of Iran (Persian). It is called sometimes the " Université" mother; in Iran (دانشگاهمادر).

The university is very prestigious and is among the first with being selected by the candidates with the annual contest of admission in the Iranian universities. The school admits also students of the whole world and is known for its varied subjects of research. Many former students of the university finish among the political elite of the country.

The university has more than 150 faculties, 3500 teachers and 32000 students plus 340 foreign students. UT offers 116 diplomas of license, 160 diplomas of mastères and 120 doctorates.

History

History of the establishment of universities in Iran and of the university of Teheran in particular date of the year 1851 and the foundation of Dar-ol Fonoun. In 1928, the professor Mahmoud Hessaby proposes the foundation of a center which would cover practically all sciences with Ali Asghar Hekmat, which was then Minister for the Culture. . In January 1933, during a meeting of the cabinet, the subject was discussed. Ali Asghar Hekmat, the Minister for the education of the time said:

Of course, it does not have there a doubt about the position and the glory of the capital, but only obvious deficiency is that this city does not have a “university”. It is damage which this city remains far behind the other large countries of the world.

Its words had a deep impact on all the participants in the meeting, causing the acceptance of the proposal. Allocating an initial budget of 250.000 Toman S, the minister of education was authorized to seek an adequate site for the foundation of the University and to take the necessary measures to build as quickly the building as possible.

Ali Asghar Hekmat in collaboration and with the councils of Andre Godard, a French architect and archeologist who worked for the minister of education, quickly started to seek an adequate site. On order of Reza Shah, the site of the Jalaliyeh gardens was selected. The Jalaliyeh garden was located at the north of Teheran of then, between the village of Amirabad and the northern edge of Teheran. This garden, full with floors of flowers was founded at the beginning of the 20th century during the last years of the reign of Naser AD-DIN Shah, under order of prince Jalal AD-dawlah.

The principal plan of the Institute was drawn by André Godard , Markov , Maxim Cierro , and Mauser . The influences of modernistic architecture of the beginning of the 20th century are always visible today on the principal sites of the university.

The university of Teheran was inaugurated officially in 1934. The campus Amir-abad (Karegar northern) was added in 1945 after the American troops left the ground at the end of the Second world war. The university admitted women coeds for the first time in 1937. (J.Lorentz)

In 1971, the construction of the new building drawn by Abdolaziz Farmanfarmayan was finished, accommodating the central library of the University, which places at the disposal of the reader 600.000 books, a broad collection of Persan manuscripts, number of them being single and 1800 periodicals of the whole world.

In 1986, by way of decree of the ministry for Health, the medical college of the university separated to found the Université of medical sciences of Teheran, which is now the most prestigious medical school of the country with 13.000 students.

The emblem

The seal symbolized ownership. In the Sasanid period, thesis seals were used in stucco reliefs, corners, and silver utensils ace have family symbol. Since the alphabet off Sasanid Pahlavi' S script was used in thesis badges, they cuts the off natural has monogram ace well.

The reason is placed between two eagle wings. One edge also find thesis reasons in other images off this period, such ace in royal crowns, particularly At the end off the Sasanid period. Crowns with thesis seals cuts been called “two-Feather crowns” in The Shahnameh. The reason between the wings was made by combining Pahlavi scripts. Summon scholars cuts tried to read thesis images. The script is in the form off “Afzoot” (Amrood), which means plentiful and increasing. --->

Campus

In this moment, UT consists of 40 faculties, institutes and research centres and of education. The university is composed of 6 campuses:

the central campus Pardis, on the avenue Enghelab (" avenue of Révolution").
the Northern Kargar campus
the campus of Karaj
the campus of Varamin
the campus of Qom
the campus Choka

Faculties

Initially, the University of Teheran counted six faculties: Initially University off Tehran included six faculties:

Faculty of Theology
Faculty of Science
Faculty of Literature, Philosophy and sciences of education.
Faculty of Medicine
Technical Faculty and of Engineering
Faculty of Right, economic Political science and S

Later, other faculties were founded:

Faculty of beautiful arts (1941)
Medical college veterinary surgeon (1943)
Faculty of agriculture (1945)
Faculty of administration of the companies (1954)
Faculty of education (1954)
Faculty of the natural resources (1963)
Faculty of economy (1970)
Faculty of foreign languages (1989)
Faculty of the environmental studies (1992)
Faculty of physical education

Between 1986 and 1992, the medical colleges, of dentistry and pharmacy made secession to become the University of medical sciences of Teheran, which is always located on the central campus Pardis.

Institutes

The university of Teheran coordinates four major institutes:

the institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics
the institute of Geophysics
the international research center for the coexistence with the deserts.
Research center in history of science.

The institute of geophysics is responsible for the establishment of the solar and lunar calendars each year (directed by Dr. Iraj Malekpour), and records all the seismic events in Iran.

Price and rewards

Many students and professors of the university of Teheran gained international prizes. Most notable of these rewards is the Nobel Prize which was granted to Shirin Ebadi in 2003.

The University of Teheran was indicated pole of science (قطبعلمی) by the Iranian ministry of science and technology in the fields of the " electromagnetic appliquée" , of the " nano-électricité" and of the " controls and process avancés" .

In 2005, the university of medical sciences of Teheran was classified better university in the field of research in Iran. In 2006, the university of Teheran gained the title for the " league simulation advanced within the framework of the competitions Robocup in Germany.

Political role

It is possible that, for a Westerner, the University of Teheran is more known for its key roles in the political events of the recent history. It is opposite the doors of this university that the army of the Shah opened fire on dissenting students, thus launching the revolution of 1979 to Iran.

They are still dissenting students who confronted themselves with the soldiers 20 years later, in July 1999 (see Protestations coeds in Iran, July 1999). These demonstrations pro Démocratie were called the “Tienanmen of Iran” by a journalist of Time Magazine .

UT was always a bastion of the political movements and ideology. With UT, the leaders of the current mode make their speeches most virulent each Friday.

Since the Islamic revolution of 1979, the principal campus of the university and the adjacent streets were the place of the prayers of Friday to Teheran.

The political role of the university of Teheran in the Iranian political arena became if marked that in November 2005, it is a member of the clergy which became chancellor of the university to replace Dr. Faradji-dana. The Ayatollah Abbasali Amid Zanjani (عباسعلیعميدزنجانی) does not have an university degree and is known for its close links with Khomeini during the revolution. It is the first time that a member of the clergy replaces an academic with the head of a major university institution in Iran. He wrote however some books and worked for the Faculty of Law as an expert on Islamic jurisprudence.

Former students

Many former students of UT were presidential ministers or advisers. The notable examples are:

Jamshid Amouzegar, former student, Prime Minister
Ali Akbar Velayati, former student, minister
Mir-Hossein Mousavi, former student, minister
Manouchehr Eghbal, former chancellor, minister
Mohammad Taddayon, former chancellor, minister
Kamal Kharrazi, former student, minister
Mohammad Reza Aref, former student, former vice-president
Bijan Namdar Zangeneh, former student, minister
Mostafa Tajzadeh, former student, former vice-minister
Hassan Ali Mansour, former student, Prime Minister
Habibolah Bitaraf, former student, minister
Ahmad Khorram, former student, minister
Elaheh Koulaei, professor, former deputy
Abdollah Ramezanzadeh, professor, carries word of the administration of the president Mohammad Khatami.
Mohammad Hashem Mohaymeni, Governor of Gorgan
Ezzatollah Sahabi, former student, politicking
Mohammad Beheshti, ayatollah

The other notable former students are:

William Chittick, former student
Heydar Ghiaï-Chamlou, former student, professor and architect
Hossein Gol-e-Golab, professor
Professor Lotfi Zadeh, former student, inventor of the fuzzy Logical
Shirin Ebadi, Nobel Prize 2003, former student and professor.
Abbas Kiarostami, former student
Mahmoud Hessabi, founder of the university
the philosopher of world famous Sayyed Hosein Nasr, was senior of faculty and academic vice-chancellor of the university of 1968 to 1972.
Yousef Sobouti, founder of IASBS, is a former student
Ehsan Yarshater, former student
Hooshang Seyhoon, former student, architect
Hossein Bashiriyeh, former student, political economist
Behzad Ghorbani, eminent biologist
Mohsen Vaziri-Moghaddam
Moslem Bahadori, physicist
Mohammad Ghouchani, journalist
Hossein Alizadeh, musician
Elahi Qomshe' I, philosopher
Ostad Ali Asghar Tajvidi, artist
Mehdi Golshani, former student
Ali Paya, philosopher
Davar Mr. Boghaei, former student
Mansooreh Hosseini, artist
Shahrnush Parsipur, novelist
Behjat Sadr, artist
Mohammad Ali Eslami Nodooshan, author
Hamid Jafarkhani, former student
Jalal Al-E-Ahmad, intellectual
Mohammad Moin, linguist celebrates
Samuel Rahbar
Ali Javan
Toffy Musivand

References

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