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Intel Corporation (Portemanteau word resulting from the contraction of Integrated Electronics ) () is a research center and an American industrialist Co-founded manufacturer of integrated circuits in 1968 by Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce and Andrew Grove. Intel is inter alia the inventor and the first global manufacturer of semiconductors, and in particular of Microprocesseur S.

The head office which bears the name of Robert Noyce is based with Santa Clara in the Silicon Valley in California with the the United States.

History

In 1968, Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce and Andrew Grove, three doctors in Physical Chemistry and resulting from the world of the electronic Numerical, decide to leave their preceding company Fairchild Semiconductor (company of design and manufacture of integrated circuits invented by Robert Noyce) Co-to found the Intel company with Santa Clara

In 1971, three years hardly after its foundation, Intel invents for its first important customer Japan board, the manufacturer of computer Busicom, the Microprocesseur (the Intel 4004 of Marcian Hoff, 4 bits and 2300 Transistor S).

Intel markets in leading product the series of the Microprocesseur S known as X86 used by the PC compatible since 1981 with for product more sold the series of the Pentium. During the Years 1980, Intel was not the giant whom one knows today. He was for example only the 10th larger manufacturer of integrated circuits in 1987, far behind industry Japan is born with at their head NEC Semiconductors. It is in 1991 that Intel becomes the largest manufacturer of Microprocesseur and of integrated circuits with the advent of the market of the Micro-ordinateur PC compatible containing Microprocesseur S X86 Pentium. Since this date, Intel is n°1 in development and industrialization of Microprocesseur S far in front of all its competitors.

In 2005, the competitors right behind Intel are in the order the Korea N Samsung, the American Texas Instruments, the Japan board Toshiba and the free - Italy N STMicroelectronics.

Intel is with dimensions with the Nasdaq under initials INTC. Its Market cap rises to 121 billion dollars (figure of the December 18th 2006) with for main competitor Advanced Micro Devices (AMD).

See also: the classification of the first 20 manufacturers of semiconductors with the passing of years

Produced technologies

Microprocessors of the x86 family

1e generation: Intel 8086, Intel 8088 and Intel 80186
2nd generation: Intel 80286
3rd generation: Intel 80386 and Intel 80386SX
4th generation: Intel 80486DX and Intel 80486SX
5th generation: Pentium and Pentium MX
6th generation ( P6 ): Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium M and Core
7th generation ( NetBurst ): Pentium 4, Pentium D
8th generation ( Intel Core Structures ): Core 2 Duet, Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Extreme and Dual Pentium Core
9th generation ( Nehalem ):
10th generation ( Sandy Bridge ):

the mark Celeron is used since 1998 for the microprocessors of line entry.
the mark Xeon is used since 1998 for the top-of-the-range microprocessors intended for the waiters and Work stations.

Microprocessors IA64

Series of the Itanium (architecture EPIC)

Microprocessors for mobile personal assistants (PDA)

Processor ARM for Personal assistant (PDA)

Chipset S

(coprocessor associated with the Microprocessor to manage data flows Numérique S enters the data-processing Microprocesseur and Bus, Random access memory, Data-processing network, USB, Entrées-Sorties, Graphics card, Carte its, Hyper-Threading, drunk Front side etc)

List of Chipset Intel

Mother charts

Intel produces mother charts containing its Chipset S.

Graphics cards

Intel produces graphics cards integrated into the Chipset S or IGP (version xxxG and Gxx)

Current events

January 3rd 2006 Intel puts a term at the mark Pentium appeared in 1993 to leave room to simple the " Core ". Which will be declined in " Solo" for the processor simple heart and " Duo" for the chips doubles hearts.

NB: The mark Pentium was taken again with the Pentium E (Conroe) left on June 3rd, 2007.

January 10th 2006 Apple provided its range iMac with Microprocessor S Intel Core Duo.

February 2nd 2006 Intel launches the label Viiv conceived to simplify the access and the management of the new digital contents: plays, photographs, musics, film and television. On PC compatible, it functions in partnership with Windows Media Center. Viiv a whole of recommendations constitutes which will give right an invaluable logo, that the manufacturers will be able to place on their machines so that the users know that those are well adapted to a multi-media use.

It should be noted however that this logo is with double edge , because it means also that the management of digital rights (DRM) and the technology NGSCB (ex-Palladium) which accompanies it (which allows an automatic obliteration of the contents and software not - authorized) are also present, which can prohibit the use, even the simple conservation on its hard drive, of software or contents of hazardous source, the whole without damage of possible later sanctions.

In March 2006 Intel announces the exit beginning 2007 of a processor four heart: the Clovertown .

the July 27th 2006 Intel launches its new processor based on the news Intel Core Architecture: the Core 2 Duet. The processor in hearts Conroe for the desktop machines, in hearts Merom for the computers transportable and in Woodcrest hearts for the Work stations and waiters. With this Intel architecture puts an end to the problems of overheating known with Prescott.

the September 6th 2006 Apple equips its IMac with Core 2 Duet.

At the end of November 2006 Intel markets its first quadri-hearts. This new processor will appear under the name of Core 2 Quad QX6700. Other quadri-hearts will arrive at the beginning of 2007.

In January 2007 Intel announces its new family of processors of the name of Penryn, which consists of a Die-shrink of architecture Conroe of the Core 2 Duet, designed to leave in the current the year, and announces that its next great jump of architecture will take place in 2008 with its next architecture in the name of Nehalem. The latter will call again upon the Hyper threading.

Intel In May 2007 presents its new generation for mobile platform Centrino called Santa Rosa. That makes several improvements such as for example the passage of the FSB of Merom to 800 MHz, as well as new systems conceived by Intel, aiming at increasing the autonomy of the laptops.

End 2007 should appear the first generation of chips with 45 Nm:

Penryn will inherit architecture Conroe dual-core (Die-shrink) with a mask of level 2 increased to 6 Me (Wolfdale) as well as new instruction SE. The Yorkfield will be a die shrink Kentsfield with 2x6 Me of mask of level 2.

At January first 2008, Intel will do the housework among its marks. Core 2 Quad and Core 2 Duet will become Core 2, the Pentium D and Pentium Dual Core will quite simply become them Pentium.

Logos

The logo Intel blue and white represents the abbreviation of INTegrated ELectronics

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