This article relates to the treaty of Utrecht of 1579, not to confuse with the treated of Utrecht of 1713). ----

The Union of Utrecht ( Plain van Utrecht in Dutch) is a treaty signed the January 23rd 1579, with Utrecht with the Netherlands. This treaty unified the provinces wishing to separate from the Spanish Netherlands for reasons as much political than religious. The Union of Utrecht is often regarded as being the act instigator of the independence of the United Provinces, which was recognized only in 1648, by the Spain, at the end of the Guerre Eighty year old, by the Traité of Westphalia.

Signatories

The treaty, written the January 20th 1579, was signed on January 23rd by the Holland, the Zealand and the province of Groningue, all Protestant women. It was a direct answer to the Union of Arras, by which the provinces of the South proclaimed Spanish sovereignty and catholic on their territory.

The February 4th 1579, Ghent (Flanders) signed the treaty, followed by the Frise and the Gueldre in March 1579. During the summer 1579, Amersfoort (Utrecht), Ypres, Antwerp, Breda and Brussels signed the treaty. Other provinces and city-States continued to sign the treaty, Lierre, Bruges and the town of Groningue in February 1580, Zutphen in Gueldre), Overijssel and Drenthe in April 1580.

In 1581, the free provinces of Spanish control signed the Acte of $the Hague, proclaiming the Indépendance Republic of the United Provinces.

Provinces and signatories cities

• the County of Holland
• the County of Zealand
• the Seigniory of Groningue
• the County of Flanders: Bruges, Ghent, Ypres
• the Seigniory of Plank
• the Duchy of Gueldre
• the Seigniory of Utrecht
• the Duchy of the Brabant: Antwerp, Breda, Brussels, Ivy
• the Seigniory of Overijssel

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