Ugo Malfa (born with Palermo the May 16th 1903 - March 26th 1979) is a Politician Italy N which of 1946 with 1979 represented the republican movement (the Italian Republican party, PRI). This party is a laic small part, of left progressist, not Marxist, according to the definition even given by Ugo Malfa.
Biography
before the Second world war
The secondary studies finished, he moves in 1922 with Venice where he is registered with Ca' Foscari with the diplomatic and consular Faculty of Science. Among its teachers Silvio Trentin and Gino Luzzatto appear. As of these academic years, it comes into contact with the republican movement of Trévise and with other antifascists groups (Italy is then a Kingdom and Mussolini directs the government). In 1924, it settles with Rome where it takes part in Unione goliardica per the libertà. The June 14th 1925, it intervenes with the 1st congress of the democratic National union, founded by Giovanni Amendola. The movement of Amendola is quickly declared outlaw. The young person Malfa belongs to the “Pentarchia” (5 leaders) charged to liquidate the movement. He obtains his doctorate in 1926 with a thesis entitled Di alcune caratteristiche giuridiche LED contratto beyond giurisdizione, dell' arbitrato, beyond conciliazione nei diritti intersindacale, interindividuale ED internazionale , under the direction of thesis of Francesco Carnelutti. In 1926, during the military service, it is transferred in Sardinia to have diffused the review antifascist Pietre (Stones). In 1928, it is stopped within the framework of controls which followed the attack to the fair of Milan. In 1929, he works with prestigious the Enciclopedia Treccani as writer where he works under the direction of the philosopher Ugo Spirito. In 1933, he is engaged by Raffaele Mattioli in Milan, in the office studies of the Banca Commerciale Italiana of which he becomes the director in 1938. During all these years, he works intensely in particular in the antifascists mediums - he is one of the founder of the movement Giustizia E Libertà and of the Parti Action.
Resistance and post-war period
January 1st 1943, Malfa and the lawyer Adolfo Tino manage to publish the first clandestine number of Italia Libera . It leaves Italy then returns to Rome to represent PdA within the CNL. He becomes Minister for Transport as of 1945 in the government of Ferruccio Parri. In the following government of Alcide De Gasperi, it is named Minister for the Rebuilding and then minister for the Foreign trade. In February 1946, at the time of the first congress of PdA, the current close to the Socialists, directed by Emilio Lussu dominates: Malfa and Parri leave PdA then. In March, it takes part in the constitution of Concentrazione democratica repubblicana which is presented to the elections of June 1946. Malfa and Parri are elected. In September of the same year, Malfa, pushed by Pacciardi, adheres to the Italian Republican party. He is opposed rather quickly to the old guard of the party, represented by Giovanni Conti. In June 1947, he declares that the PRI should have substituted for a Giuseppe Mazzini mystical, concrete Mazzini. In April 1947, it represents Italy with the Fonds international currency, where it is named vice-president of the IMF in 1948. Provisional secretary of the PRI in 1947, it is re-elected parliamentary in 1948 (without stopping until 1978). In 1950, it is named minister without portfolio, with for mission of reorganizing the IRI. Fundamental for the Italian policy, its action with the Foreign trade for the liberalization of the exchanges and the suppression of the quotas the imports which facilitated Italian adhesion with the Common Market in 1957. The decree on liberalization accompanies the Italian economic boom. In 1952, he vainly seeks to federate the laic parties. He preaches a meeting with the Socialists. In 1957, the Republicans withdraw their support for the Segni government. Randolfo Pacciardi leaves the direction of the party. In 1959, it takes the direction of Voce Repubblicana .
Center-left Italian
In 1962, Ugo Malfa is named Minister for the Budget in the first government of center-left, directed by Amintore Fanfani, with the abstention from the Socialists. To May, it presents the Nota aggiuntiva (the additional Note), which provides a general vision of the Italian economy and imbalances which characterize it. He faces the hostility of the trade unions and the Confindustria (the Italian employers' federation). He preaches and obtains the nationalization of electric industry. In March 1965, it is elected secretary of the PRI at the time of the 29e congress. In 1966, Malfa with his/her long-standing friend, Giorgio Amendola, wire of Giovanni, a Communist of NCV, open a public debate which will have an important echo: the republican leader invites the left to give up his old orthodoxy. In 1970, it refuses to become Minister for the Budget of the government Emilio Colombo. In 1973, in the 4th government Mariano Rumor, he becomes Minister of Finances and obtains the bankruptcy of the banks of Michele Sindona.
In 1974, it makes leave the governmental majority with its party because of divergences on the absence of economic austerity of the Minister for the Budget, Antonio Giolitti. Indeed, Malfa was a partisan of a rigorous management of the Public finances, based on choices which privilege the investments rather than the expenditure. From November 1974 at January 1976, he is vice president of the council in the 4th government of Aldo Moro. It was about a cabinet of center-left formed by ministers resulting from the Christian Democrat and Republican party. Among the latter, the very respected Bruno Visentini (Finances) and Giovanni Spadolini (Cultural Goods), and the former mayor of Milan Pietro Bucalossi which as a public Minister for Labor will start a reform of the law of town planning (the “law Bucalossi”). Thanks to its knowledge in the economic domain and with its very great personality, Malfa becomes the coordinator de facto of the economic policy of the government, and imposes the nomination of very rigorous Paolo Baffi on the Banque of Italy.
“National solidarity”
In 1976, while gaining resistances of the Republican left, it carries the party in the Federation of the liberal parties and democratic European. In 1978, its action is determining in the Italian decision to adhere to the European Monetary System (EMS) In July 1978, with the agreement of the Italian Communist party and the kindness of the Christian Democrat Ugo Malfa supports the election of the Socialist Sandro Pertini with the presidency of the Republic. But for the secretary of the Italian Socialist party it is a failure, because he would have preferred to make elect with the Quirinal Antonio Giolitti. In the first months of 1979, the President of the Republic entrusts to Ugo Malfa the responsibility of form a new government. This mission does not succeed but Malfa becomes vice-president of the Council of the 5th government Giulio Andreotti the March 21st 1979. But it is only about one government still-born child, because he cannot be invested by the Parliament for lack of majority. Five days after, Ugo Malfa dies suddenly after a concussion.
See too
- Official site of the Ugo-La-Malfa Foundation, in English and Italian
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