Ugo Cavallero (born with Casale Monferrato the September 20th 1880, died with Frascati the November 14th 1943) is a general Italy N.

Biography

Formation and the war of Libya

In 1898, Ugo Cavallero follows a formation to the military academy of Modena, in 1900 it is second lieutenant of infantry. In 1904, lieutenant, he teaches at the central school of shooting of Parma then he enters to the school of war which he leaves major in 1911. In 1912, it is promoted captain and sent in Libya where the war of conquest has course where it receives in 1913 the medal of bronze of the military value for the combat in Cyrénaïque. Of return in Italy, it is affected with the alpine regiment.

The First World War

In May 1915, at the entry of Italy in the First World War, it affected with the supreme command in the capacity as secretary of the Head of State major of the army and is promoted major in December. Of field crop and long-lived intelligence, he is appreciated for his direction of the organization and receives the cross of rider of the military order of Italy in 1916 and the promotion of colonel in 1917. The operational plans of the battles of Piave and Vittorio Veneto are mainly the result of its work. In 1918, it is promoted brigadier general. In 1919, he is president of the Italian military commission at the interallied committee of Versailles then in 1920 he leaves armed and returns in direction of the company Pirelli.

The second world war

In 1925, Cavallero is recalled after the accession to the capacity of Benito Mussolini, it is named under-secretary with the war under Pietro Badoglio and with him, it sets up the new organization of the army of 1926. This same year, he becomes senator and count and the following year major general. Entered in dissension with Badoglio, he resigns and turns over in industry. In 1933, he is the Italian delegate with the conference of Geneva on disarmament and is recalled in 1937, promoted lieutenant-general of army, he is sent in Eastern Africa, hardly conquered, to take the command of the troops (1938).

In 1939, it is recalled because of the dissensions with the viceroy the prince Amédée of Aoste, he becomes vice-president of the economic commission and soldier for the application of the Pacte of Steel with the Germany.

Cavallero is promoted in 1940 general and on December 5th, 1940, it is named Head of State general major after the resignation of Badoglio, inheriting a difficult situation. It takes the command of the troops in Albania and succeeds in stopping the advance of the Greeks in January 1941. From return to Rome, it obtains all the capacities on the Heads of State major of the three weapons and reorganizes the supreme command. July 1st, 1942, it is named Maréchal of Italy especially to give him a title equivalent to Erwin Rommel. As from this moment its political and military fall starts. The January 31st 1943 after the defeats in Russia and Africa, it is relieved of its load and is replaced by the general Vittorio Ambrosio. After the July 25th 1943 and the dismissal of Mussolini, Badoglio makes it stop, it is released by the king Victor-Emmanuel III before being again stopped for plot.

The mystery of its death

At the height Boccea, Cavallero dictates to the Carboni general, to chief of the service of military informations, document known as the " Cavallero" memory; in which he asserts the merit to have conspired against Mussolini since 1942 and it would seem that the Germans found this document what put it in a difficult situation especially that released by German the September 12th, he is taken along near the German high command where he learns by his friend the German marshal Albert Kesselring that Hitler wants to entrust to him the Italian forces of the Italian Social republic. Cavallero would have refused and the morning of the November 14th 1943, whereas it must join Munich, it is found in the garden of the hotel Belvedere di Frascati, a ball in the right temple.

Another version evokes the despair caused by rendering with the allied troops and treason towards alliance with Germany.

The controversy also lies in the fact that it committed suicide or that the Germans assassinated it.

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