UNICEF

Fonds of the United Nations for childhood (or UNICEF, United Nations Children' S Fund in English) is an agency of the the United Nations (UNO) devoted to the improvement and the promotion of the condition of the children. Its name was originally International United Nations Children' S Emergency Fund , of which it preserved the acronym. It received the Nobel Prize of peace in 1965. The total income for UNICEF in 2006 was of 2781 million dollars.

What the UNICEF ---- Since its creation in 1946, the UNICEF acts to protect the life from the children in the whole world. For this period, the UNICEF has pled and worked for the protection of the rights of the child, in order to help the young people to satisfy their basic needs and to widen their possibilities of carrying out all their potential (health, vaccination, education, hygiene cleansing and drinkable water provision…).

History

In 1946, the the United Nations create the UNICEF to provide an emergency aid to the children threatened by the famine and the disease after the Second world war.

In 1950, the General meeting of the United Nations widens the mandate of the UNICEF to the children and families of the developing countries.

In 1953, the UNICEF is integrated in a permanent way into the system of UNO. That becomes a guarantee for its action. It launches campaigns against the diseases which touch the children.

In 1959, the General meeting of UNO adopts a Declaration of the Rights of the Child who becomes a central point of reference for the UNICEF.

In 1979, during the international Year of the Child, the UNICEF feels confirmed in its action for all the problem childs, which they are developing countries or countries developed.

In 1989, the General meeting of the United Nations adopts the Convention of the Droits of the Child who comes into effect in 1990. It becomes the treaty resting on the Universal declaration of the Human rights most largely accepted.

Geographical presence

Ann Veneman, an American political woman, is executive director of the UNICEF since May 2005

The U.N. agency working for the most underprivileged childhood has its seat with New York, is present in 191 countries, and has some 126 offices of ground, also heard under the name of national offices or offices country, which all are supervised by one of the 8 regional offices. The UNICEF indeed operated a cutting of the sphere in 8 areas:

In addition, the national committees rise 37, distributed in each various area.

In addition to the Innocenti research center based with Florence (Italy), the UNICEF has three centers of provisioning, located at Johannesburg, Dubai and Panama, which makes it possible to ensure the good performance of its logistic apparatus. The management of these centers is carried out since the center of storage of Copenhagen.

The managing director of the UNICEF in France east Clear Emmanuel since April 2007. To promote its action near the public and to allow him to call upon the gift in confidence, national committee UNICEF France, as an association, adheres to the Comité of the Charter.

Mission

The UNICEF gave itself 4 top priority:
  • the education of the girls,
  • the Vaccination and the fight against the AIDS,
  • child welfare,
  • the health of the newborns.

The other priorities treat place of the child in the family, of the sporting practice…

The education of the girls

According to the UNICEF, education is a tool which proved its effectiveness on the improvement of the living conditions of all, and thus of the children. The education of the young women has spectacular effects on the generations present and future, in particular in certain fields of action of the organization: the Infant mortality, the place of the child in the family, the vaccination and child welfare.

Between 2002 and 2005, the UNICEF decided to accelerate the school integration of the girls in 25 country-target.

The Vaccination

According to the UNICEF, vaccination has important effects on the improvement of health in the world at the time of the 20 last years. However, each year, 2 million children dies of diseases which could have been prevented by not very expensive vaccines.

The programs of vaccination allow moreover other interventions such as the distribution additional nutritive, the treatments against the diseases conveyed by the mosquitos. It is the addition of these interventions which makes particularly effective, according to the UNICEF, these programs.

Child welfare

Each day, of the children are enlisted of force like soldiers, workers or servants. Others are Prostitué S. These children, in addition to undergoing sexual physical violences and/or and being exploited, are educated, in bad health and poorest. The UNICEF supports the installation of the actions going of the defense of the children to the demobilization of the children soldiers. The protection of the children and the women also embraces the question of the OEV (Orphan and children vulnerable) very as much as the cardinal set of themes of the recording of the children. Without birth certificate, no identity paper will be delivered with the child, it is then the access of the latter to the whole of the basic social services which will be refused to him.

Early childhood

The UNICEF works on total programs, according to the following principles:

  • prevention and treatment as regards health, in particular vaccination, the Nutrition, water quality in direction of the children, but also those which have the load of it and all their communities;

  • the births must be declared. The children must be protected from the maltreatment, receive love, live in a protective psychosocial environment and receive the first education;
  • the women and the girls must have a good food, a protection for health, an education (in particular with regard to the risks for them and their children), a family support, and their rights must be respected. The good health and the survival of the mothers have direct consequences on the survival and the good health of their children.

Polemics

In the Years 1990, the UNICEF was shown by primarily Anglo-Saxon lobbies to promote the Avortement. . UNICEF does not have an official position on the abortion but works with governmental or non-governmental organizations which, among their activities, advises particularly the young women about the Voluntary interruption of pregnancy in the event of rape. The Vatican had removed its annual contribution of 2000 dollars by what UNICEF had diffused a booklet of information on a spermicide bound for the young women and teenagers victims of rape.

Ambassadors of good will

International ambassadors

the most recent Ambassadors:

Other Ambassadors:

Regional ambassadors

Central and Eastern Europe and the Community of independent States

  • Anatoly Karpov, Federation of Russia, player of failure, June 1998
  • Milena Zupancic, Slovenia, actor of theater, film and television

Latin America

Middle-East and North Africa

  • Mahmoud Kabil, Egypt, actor, January 1st, 2004

East Africa and Southern Africa

  • Yvonne Chaka Chaka, South Africa, singer and businesswoman, April 5th, 2005

National ambassadors

South Africa

Germany

  • Sabine Christiansen, 1997 (journalist/presenter of TV)
  • Joachim " Blacky" Fuchsberger, 1984 (actor)

Argentinian

  • Julián Weich, 2004 (actor)

Arménie

Australia

  • Jimmy Barnes, 2004 (singer)
  • Gretel Killeen, 2001 (writer)
  • Yvonne Kenny, 2002 (singer of opera)
  • Greig Pickhaver and John Doyle, 1993 (" Roy & H.G." actor)
  • Mikii Tsunoda, 2005 (violinist)
  • Layne Beachley, 2004, (surfer)
  • Ken Gives, 1988, (actor, designer)

Austria

  • Thomas Brezina, 1996 (writer)
  • Christiane Hoerbiger, 2003 (actress)

Belgium

Brazil

Canada

  • Steve Barakatt, 2007 (Type-setter, producer, pianist, singer)
  • Elena Grosheva, 2007 (Gymnaste Olympic-Artist/Acrobat)
  • Beckie Scott, 2002 (Olympic Gold medal - ski touring)
  • Kate Wheeler, 2005 (journalist)
  • Veronica Holding, 1992 (actress, author, director, producing)
  • Catherine Brunet, (actress)
  • Crow, (singer)

Chile

  • Ivan Zamorano, 1998 (footballer)

Colombia

  • Margarita Rosa de Francisco, May 18th, 2000 (actress and singer)

Korea

  • Mr. Sohn, Pum-Soo, 1999 (organizer)
  • Mr. Ryu, If Won, 1999 (actor)
  • ms. Kim, Mee-Hwa, 1999 (actress)
  • ms. Chung, Myung-Hwa, 1999 (violoncellist)
  • Dooly, 1997 (draftsman of the Small Dinosaur)
  • Mr. Hwang, Byung-Ki, December 1996 (artist)
  • Mr. Ahn, Sung Ki, May 1993 (movie actor)
  • ms. Park, Wan Suh, May 1993 (novelist)

Ivory Coast

Croatia

  • Zlatan Stipisic Gibonni, July 9th, 2003 (singer and type-setter)
  • Bojana Gregorić, August 16th, 2004 (actress and presenter of TV)

Denmark

  • S.A.R. the princess Alexandra
  • Kurt Flemming " Pjerrot"
  • Jesper Klein (actor)
  • Bubber (Writer in chef/TV and actor)

Spain

  • Manual Joan Serrat, March 1998 (singer)
  • Emilio Aragon " Miliki" , 2000 (artist of circus)
  • Imanol Arias, May 22nd, 2000 (actor)
  • Pedro Delgado, September 8th, 2000 (racing cyclist)
  • Joaquin the Cortes, March 26th, 1999 (dancer)
  • Anna Duato, December 12th, 2000 (actress)
  • Teresa Viejo, December 15th, 2000 (journalist)
  • Eusebio Sacristan, December 14th, 2002 (athlete)
  • Pau Gasol, May 8th, 2003 (athlete)
  • Silvia Abascal, September 10th, 2003 (actress)
  • Maria Bayo, January 31st, 2004 (singer of opera)
  • Fernando Alonso, March 11th, 2005 (pilot of Formula 1)
  • Rafael Guijosa, March 11th, 2005 (athlete)
  • Samuel Eto' O, March 11th, 2005 (footballer)
  • " Los Lunis" , March 11th, 2005 (Muppet)

Estonia

  • Eri Klas, 1999 (musician)
  • Erki Nool, 1999 (athlete)
  • Maarja-Liis Ilus, 1999 (singer)

the United States of America

  • Laurence Fishburne, 1996 (actor)
  • Angela Bassett, 2003 (actress)
  • James Kiberd, 1995 (actor)
  • Alyssa Milano, 2003 (actress and photographer)
  • Katie Couric, 1993 (présentratrice of TV)
  • Jane Curtin, 1991 (actress)
  • Sarah Jessica Parker, 1998 (actress)
  • Claudia Schiffer, 1997 (mannequin)
  • Tea Leoni, 2001 (actress)
  • Summer Sanders, 1998 (swimmer)
  • Marcus Samuelsson, 2000 (chief)
  • Annette Lauer Castling, 2002 (mannequin)
  • Isabella Rossellini, 2003 (actress)
  • Liv Tyler, 2003 (actress)
  • Courtney B. Vance, 2003 (actor)
  • Clay Aiken, 2004 (singer)
  • India.Arie, 2004 (singer)
  • Lucy Liu, 2005 (actress)

Finland

  • Micke Rejstrom, 1996 (actor)
  • Mr.Jorma Uotinen (directing dancer/of the Finnish national Ballet)
  • Juha Laukkanen, (marionnettist)
  • Kristina Louhi, 1990 (artist)
  • Mauri Antero Numminene, 1987 (musician)
  • ms. Anna Hanski, 1993 (singer)
  • ms. Eija Vilpas, May 1993 (TV/comédienne)
  • TRIO TOYKEAT, 1993 (trio of jazz)
  • Katri-Helena Kalaoja, 1990 (singer)
  • Paves Maijanen, 1990 (singer)
  • Eppu Nuotio, 2002 (writer/actress)
  • Eija Ahvo, 1986 (singer/actress)
  • Susanna Haavisto, 1980 (singer/actress)
  • Arsi Harju, 2003 (athlete)
  • Jyrki Linnankivi, 2006 (singer)

France

Greece

  • Helene Glykatzi-Ahrweiler
  • Antonis Samarakis, 1989 (author)

HongKong

  • Kelly Chen, November 1999 (Ambassadress of China for the health of the children)
  • Daniel Chan, June 2002 (singer, ambassador for the children in the war)
  • Charlie Yeung, April 2004 (Ambassador for education)

Hungary

  • Judit Halász, December 2003 (actress)
  • Gábor To press, December 2003 (musician, type-setter)

India

  • Delighted Shastrim, 1996 (captain of the team of cricket and sporting commentator)
  • Ustad Amjad Ali Khan, 1996 (musician)

Indonesia

  • Christine Hakim, 2004 (actress)
  • Salim Ferry, 2004 (actor)

Ireland

Israel

  • David Broza, 1996 (singer/musician)

Italy

  • Alessio Profit, 2006 (actor)
  • Francesco Totti, 2003 (footballer)
  • Amii Stewart, 2001 (pop singer)
  • Daniela Poggi, 2001 (actress on television)
  • Bianca Pitzorno, 2001 (writer)
  • Banfi Lino, 2000 (movie actor and television)
  • Leo Nucci, 2000 (singer of opera)
  • Vincenzo Scola, 2000 (singer of opera)
  • Mauro Serio, 2000 (actor)
  • Roberto Bolle, 1999 (dancer-star of Scala)
  • Milly Carlucci, 1996 (organizer of television)
  • Vigili del Fuoco, 1989 (Italian firemen)
  • Simona Marchini, 1997 (television and theater)

Japan

  • Agnes Chan Miling, 1998 (singer and TV host)

Kenya

  • Effie Owour, 1997 (magistrate)

Kuwait

  • Suad Abdullah, November 23rd, 2002 (actress)

Macedonia

  • Mr. Tose Proeski, August 2004 (singer)

Mongolia

  • Mrs. Tumur Ariuna, June 1st, 2001 (singer)
  • Mr. Asashoryu Dagvador, November 26th (fighter of sumo)

Malaysia

  • Mrs. Celina Khor, June 22nd, 2005 (presenter of TV)
  • Mrs. Kartini Kamalul Ariffin, June 22nd, 2005 (presenter of TV)
  • Mrs. Rafidah Abdullah, June 22nd, 2005 (presenter of TV)

Morocco

  • Mrs. Naïma Elmecherqui, 2000 (actress)
  • Mrs. Rajae Belemlih, 2000 (singer)
  • Mrs. Nawal El Moutawakel, 2000 (athlete)
  • Mr. Hicham El Guerrouj, 2000 (runner with foot)

Namibia

  • Frank Fredericks, September 27th, 2005 (athlete)
  • Agnes Samaria, September 27th, 2005 (athlete)

Nigeria

New Zealand

Norway

  • Ole Gunnar Solskjaer, 2001 (footballer)
  • Gustav Lorentzen, September 1993 (stimulating)
  • Sissel Kyrkjebo, November 2005 (singer)

Oman

  • Hamed Al-Wahaibi, February 2006 (runner of rally)

Pakistan

  • Strings, September 2005 (pop singers)

Panama

  • Danilo Perez, November 2004 (pianist of jazz)

Paraguay

  • Menchi Barriocana, July 2005 (journalist, stimulating, singer)

Netherlands

  • Monique van of Venn, 1996 (actress)
  • Paul van Vliet, 1992 (organizer)

Peru

  • Gian Marco Zignago, February 6th, 2006 (singer)

Filipino

  • Gary Valenciano, 1997 (singer)

Poland

  • Malgorzata Foremniak, 2006 (actress)
  • Majka Jezowska, 2003 (singer)

Portugal

  • Pedro Couceiro, April 1995 (racing driver)
  • Shine Figo, 2003 (footballer)

Czech Republic

  • Jirina Jiraskova (actress)

the United Kingdom

  • Andrew O' Hagan, 2001 (writer)
  • Beautiful Martin, 2001 (journalist)
  • Lord Bill Deedes, 1998 (journalist)
  • Robbie Williams, 2000 (singer)
  • Jemima Khan, 2001 (humane activist)
  • Manchester United Football Club (United for a partnership with the UNICEF)
  • Ralph Fiennes, 2001 (actor)
  • Sir Alex Ferguson, 2002 (to manage of Manchester United)
  • Trudie Styler, 2004 (actor, producer, ecologist)
  • Paul Clark, 2004 (producer, ambassador ofUNICEF for Northern Ireland)
  • It Macpherson, 2004 (mannequin, actress and businesswoman)
  • Ewan McGregor, 2004 (actor)

Russia

  • Oleg Gazmanov, 2003 (singer)

Serbia and Montenegro

  • Emir Kusturica, February 2002 (singer and type-setter)
  • Aleksandar Djordjevic, January 28th, 2005 (athlete)

Slovakia

  • Kamila Magalova, 1995 (actress)
  • Peter Dvorsky, 1998 (singer of opera)
  • Valo Patejdl, 1995 (pop singer)

Slovenia

  • Pavèek Ton, 1998 (writer)
  • Lado Leskovar, 1998 (pop singer)
  • Boris Cavazza, 1997 (actor of theater, cinema & television)
  • Zlatko Zahovic (footballer)
  • Marko Simeunovic, November 2002 (footballer)

Sweden

  • Liza Marklund, December 2004 (writer and journalist)
  • Lars Berghagen, January 2003, (singer and actor)
  • Kajsa Bergqvist, October 2005, (athlete)
  • Lill Lindfors, October 1998, (singer and actress)

Swiss

  • Kurt Aeschbacher, October 20th, 2004 (TV host)
  • Roger Federer, April 3rd, 2006 (tennis player)

Thailand

  • Kathleeya McIntosh, November 2000 (artist of scene, actress - Sent national for youth)
  • S.E. Anand Panyarachun, 1996 (business man and former Prime Minister)

Turkey

  • Nilufer Yumlu, 1997 (singer)

Ukraine

  • Ruslana, May 10th, 2005 (pop singer)

Uruguay

  • Diego Forlan (footballer)
  • Enzo Francescoli, 1996 (footballer)

Venezuela

  • national System of Orchestras of Young people of Venezuela, November 18th, 2004

Vietnam

  • Huynh Duke, April 2000 (footballer)

References

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