Turpin

see also: Etymology of Turpin

Turpin (Born in? - undoubtedly died the September 2nd 800) was a archbishop of Rheims at the end of the 8th century.

For a long time one looked it like the author of legendary the Historia of vita Caroli Magni and Rolandi , and it is counted among the twelve pars in a certain number of chansons de geste, of which most important is the Chanson of Roland . Turpin is one of the main characters of the Song of Roland, where it occit innumerable Sarrasins provided with its sword Almace . But, just as Roland there really existed.

It probably should be identified with Tilpin, archbishop of Rheims at the 8th century, to which reference Hincmar makes, its third successor on this seat. According to Flodoard, Charles Martel had removed his station with the bishop of Rheims Rigobert to replace it by a warlike clerk called Milon, and which was thereafter bishop of Truces. The same author represents this Milon as an operations manager among Vascons, or Basques, these very to which it authentic history allotted the great disaster undergone by the army of Charlemagne to Roncevaux.

It is thus possible that the warlike legends which used the name of Turpin are due to a certain confusion of its identity with that of its warlike predecessor. Flodoard indicates that Tilpin was in the beginning monk with the Basilique Saint-Denis, and Hincmar announces that after his nomination in Rheims it attempted to make restore the rights and the goods of his church, its incomes and its prestige, all that having suffered much under the government from Milon. Tilpin was elected archbishop between 752 and 768, probably into 753; he died into 794, if one can trust with a diploma to which reference Mabillon makes, although it was affirmed that this event took place on September 2nd, 800.

Hincmar, which composed its epitaph, said that he was bishop during more than forty years, which shows that he would have been elected towards 753, and Flodoard indicate that he died in the forty-seventh year of sound archiépiscopat. Tilpin assisted with the Council of Rome in 769 and, at the request of Charlemagne, the pope Adrien 1 {{er}} sent pallium to him and assure him the rights of its church.

L'Historia Caroli Magni was recognized authentic in 1122 by the pope Calixte II. It is, however, entirely legendary, being rather the crystallization of former legends relating to Roland that the source of the later legends, and its popularity seems to date from the last part of the 12th century. Gaston Paris, which especially studied l'Historia, considers that the first five chapters were written by a monk of Compostelle to the 11th century and the remainder by a monk of Vienna between 1109 and 1119.

The popularity of work is attested by the fact that there were of it at least five French translations dating from the 13th century and one in into Latin about at the same time. According to August Potthast there exist approximately fifty manuscripts of the history. L'Historia was printed the first time in 1566 with Frankfurt; the best edition is perhaps that of Ferdinand Castets under the name of Turpini historia Karoli magni and Rotholandi (Paris, 1880).

It was translated many times into French, and also into German, Danish and English. One will about it consult poetic Gaston Paris, De pseudo-Turpino (Paris, 1865), and Histoire of Charlemagne, new edition by P. Meyer (1905); like Victor Henry Friedel, “Studies compostellanes” in Otia Merceiana (Liverpool, 1899).

See too

Tilpinus, archbishop of Rheims

Source

the Song of Roland

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Turpin

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Source

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