Turandot is an opera in 3 acts and 5 tables of Giacomo Puccini, on a booklet of Giuseppe Adami and Renato Simoni.
General information
Turandot is in the beginning a “Fable theatrical” written by Carlo Gozzi in 1762, much more known nowadays in its various musical adaptations. Carl Maria von Weber composed the accompaniment of the theatrical adaptation of Schiller, while Ferruccio Busoni wrote an orchestral suite based on Turandot (first execution in 1917).The intrigue rests on a medieval legend Persian. The name of heroin, Turandot , means: girl ( dokht ) of Touran (the Central Asia and, by extension, the China); it appears in the Thousand and one days of François Pétis of the Crosses, recently republished at Phébus. The prince is named there Khalaf , close to the Arab khalîfa : Caliph, successor (with the throne of China). The names of the two kings are different in the opera (see below) and tells it. Altoum evokes the Or (Turkish altın , Mongolian alt (year) ; allusion to the Second dynasty Jin whose name (金) means " or" in Chinese)?. Timur evokes the Fer (Turkish to demir , Mongolian tömör ; caricature of a Tamerlan détrôné and humiliated?).
The most known version is an opera of Giacomo Puccini. The partition remained unfinished with died of the type-setter, carried in November 1924 by a cancer of the throat, and was supplemented by Franco Alfano by means of some notes left by the type-setter. This version of the finale however never achieved the unanimity; thus at the time of the first, which took place the April 25th 1926 with La Scala of Milan, under the direction of Arturo Toscanini, the leader, just after the air of Liú You, che di freezing sei cinta , deposited his rod, turned to the public and say “It is here that the Maestro died. ”. In the representations which followed, Toscanini however directed a curtailed version of the finale of Alfano, which became the version most played and recorded to date. There exist other versions of the finale, in particular that written in 2001 by the type-setter Luciano Berio.
Among the recent productions, one can retain that of September 1998, where eight representations were given in the prohibited Cité to Beijing in Popular republic of China. It was about an international coproduction directed by Zubin Mehta, put in scene by Zhang Yimou and rich person of a number impressing observers in particular supplemented by authentic soldiers of the popular Armée with release. Another representation of this spectacle took place the May 28th 2005 with the Stade de France, with Saint-Denis, in France.
Characters
- the Princess Turandot - Soprano
- the Emperor of China Altoum , his/her father - Tenor
- Timur , king de Tartarie in exile, - Low
- Prince Inconnu ( Calaf ), his son - Tenor
- Liú , young slave, guides of Timur - Soprano
- Ping , Grand Chancellor - Baryton
- Pang , Grand Master of the provisions - Ténor
- Pong , Grand Master of the imperial kitchen - Ténor
- Le Torturer - Low
- Un Mandarin - young Baritone
- Le Prince de Perse - Tenor
- Gardes imperial; Servants of the torturer; Children; Sacerdotes; Mandarins; Dignitaries; Eight scientists; Maidservants of Turandot; Soldiers; Flag-holder; Musicians, Shades of deaths; The foule.
The Intrigue
In a imaginary China medieval, cruel Princesse Turandot whose beauty is legendary attracts with Beijing many applicants which must subject themselves to a terrible test: if they elucidate the three enigmas that proposes the princess to them they gain the hand of this one as well as the throne of China; if they fail, it is the Décapitation which them attend.At the time when the execution of the Prince of Perse is imminent, Prince Inconnu arrives at Beijing and finds by chance his father, king of Tartarie deposed in exile and become blind as his young Liú guide which loves the Prince in secrecy since one day this one smiled to him, with it, a esclave.
Prince Inconnu condemns the cruelty of the Princess firmly but, when this one appears, sublimates, impassive, to order of an epic the setting with death, it fall in love from there and precipitates, with the contempt of the imprécations of his father and the tears of Liú, to strike of three blows the gong which declares it candidate with the enigmas.
Argument
Act I
The Turandot princess, girl of the emperor, will marry the man who will be able to solve the three enigmas that she will propose to him. The failure is sanctioned by death, as shows it young prince de Perse led to the torment. In crowd are old king Timur, in exile, his/her son, Calaf, and the young Liù slave. When Turandot appears, Calaf is subjugated by its beauty and decides to face the test of the three enigmas.
Act II
- the 1st Table
- the 2nd Table
Act III
- the 1st Table
- the 2nd Table
Famous airs
Act I
- Liú: Signore, ascolta!
- Calaf : Not piangere, Liú!
- Turandot: In questa reggia
- Turandot & Calaf: Straniero, ascolta! (Scene of the enigmas)
- Calaf: Nessun dorma!
- Liú : Tanto amore, segreto… ; You, che di freezing sei cinta
- Calaf & Turandot: Principessa di Morte!
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It nodo crucial, che Puccini cercò di risolvere, E costituito dallo “sgelamento” beyond fredda principessa Turandot, incapace di amare ED anzi propensa AD uccidere I pretendenti che, accettando di partecipare Al gioco di dead che ella propone (the risoluzione di alcuni indovinelli), if offrono has lei spogli di ogni difesa, ammaliati dal suo misterioso fascino. The opera, per leaves it perforated da Puccini, finished poco dopo the dead beyond schiava Liù, the quale offers incondizionatamente sweated it vita per amore LED Calaf principle, firstly solutore LED gioco di Turandot, sapendo che idiot the rinuncia went vita contribuirà has consegnare Turandot nelle mani LED principle. -->
Analyzes and judgments on work
The value of Turandot in the work of Puccini is still discussed. Two positions being done day. The first holds Turandot for the masterpiece of the Italian type-setter. With the article Turandot of its work, Thousand and ones operas , Piotr Kaminski writes as follows: " Turandot remains the chief of work of his author " and quotes like arguments, the excellence of dramatic scale and variety of the styles , audacity and the modernity of harmonic language , the force of Eastern atmosphere , and it blow without precedent of the writing choral society .
Filmed adaptations
List nonexhaustive.- 1934 : Prinzessin Turandot , realized for the cinema by Gerhard Lamprecht, on a scenario of Thea von Harbou (the wife of Fritz Lang), turned in German, with Käthe von Nagy (Turandot) and Willy Fritsch (Calaf) - the IMDb Card does not specify if it is about a musical film, not listed here under all reserves.
- 1934 : Turandot, princess of China , realized for the cinema by Gerhard Lamprecht and Serge Veber, on a scenario of Thea von Harbou and Serger Veber, turned in French, with Käthe von Nagy (Turandot) and Pierre Blanchar (Calaf) - This version is different from the preceding one (the simultaneous turning of two versions of the same film was not rare in the Nnées 1930). The IMDb Card does not specify if it is about a musical film, not listed here under all reserves.
- 1983 : Turandot , carried out for Italian television by Broad Brian, with Ghena Dimitrova (Turandot) and Nicola Martinucci (Calaf) - Bond IMDb
- 1983: Turandot , realized for Austrian television by Rodney Greenberg, turned with the Opera of State of Vienna, with Eva Marton (Turandot) and Jose Will square (Calaf) - Bond IMDb
- 1988: Turandot , realized for television by Kirk Browning, turned with the Metropolitan Operated New York, with Eva Marton (Turandot) and Plácido Domingo (Calaf) - Card IMDb
- 1989: Turandoti , realized for the cinema by Otar Shamatava, in language géorgienne - Card IMDb
- 1994: Turandot , carried out for television by Broad Brian, turned with the opera of San Francisco, with Eva Marton (Turandot) and Michael Sylvester (Calaf) - Card IMDb
- 1999: Turandot - At the Forbidden City off Beijing , realized for televisions Italian, British and Chinese by Hugo Käch and Ruth Käch, turned in Italian in spite of the anglophone title, with Giovanna Casolla (Turandot) and Sergej Larin (Calaf) - Card IMDb
- 2002: Turandot , carried out for televisions Austrian, French and German by Broad Brian, with Gabriele Schnaut (Turandot) and Johan Botha (Calaf) - Card IMDb
- 2005: Turandot realized by Zhang Yimou and filmed by TF1 with the Stade de France the May 28th, with Irina Gordei, Nicola Martinucci and Yao Hong.
To notice the presence of three different adaptations carried out by Broad Brian.
External bonds
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Synopsis-Opera synopsis and principal airs of the opera Turandot
- VIDEO NESSUN DORMA - Last Luciano Pavarotti' S performance - Torino 2006
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