The Tupamaros (or Movimiento de Liberación Nacional (of which the acronym is MLN) what means Spanish Liberation movement Main road in ), were a group armed with Extreme left (near to the Marxisme) of Guérilla urban in active Uruguay during the the Sixties and 70. The most known leader was Raúl Sendic. The name of this group armed came from the first name with the rebel INCA the 18th century, Túpac Amaru II. The notoriety of the group reached its maximum between 1973 and 1984 when this one fought the dictatorship.
With the beginnings of the year 1960, Tupamaros plundered the Banque S, of the factories of weapons and other institutions which they showed to exploit the people to redistribute of it a part with the poorest inhabitants of Montevideo. Then towards end of the year 60, they engaged in a series of assassinations and removal policies. It should be noted that this group is not the only one to begin in the guerilla since others of Extrême right-hand side begin there also like the Death squads ( Escuadrón of the muerte ) and Uruguyan Youth of Magpie ( Juventud Uruguaya de Pie ).
The assassination in August 1970 of daN Mitrione (a civil servant of the United States) then the kidnapping of the British Ambassador Geoffrey Jackson in January 1971 made that the Uruguyan government of Juan María Bordaberry started by twice prohibiting the various civil liberties then with the American assistance, retorted by a massive arrest campaign and assassinations of Tupamaros. In same time, the soldiers seized the power gradually and seized definitively it the June 27th 1973, Bordaberry becoming the first dictator of this military dictatorship. Montevideo engaged quickly in the Opération Condor, Argentinian SIDE and the Bataillon 601 continuing Montoneros taken refuge in Buenos Aires.
With the return of the democracy in 1985, the group was dissoue by creating Popular the Mouvement political party of Participation ( Movimiento de Participación Popular in Spanish). This party is integrated today within the coalition of the left parties of the EPFA ( Encuentro Progresista - Frente Amplio - Nueva Mayoria ) which gained the presidential elections of 2004 with Tabaré Vázquez.
Jose Mujica and Nora Castro, two Tupamaros of long time, are currently presidents of the two rooms of the Congress. Jose Mujica is moreover Minister for the agriculture of the government of center-left of Tabaré Vasquez, formed in March 2005.
See too
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